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Anatomy & Physiology Exam 2 Study Guide

컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
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이 집합의 용어 (20)

  • What is the focus of Chapter 7 in Anatomy & Physiology?
    Chapter 7 covers the skeleton, including bone functions, classification, and the axial and appendicular skeleton.
  • Name the four types of bone cells.
    Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
  • What are the two main types of bone tissue?
    Compact bone and spongy bone.
  • What is the function of osteoblasts?
    Osteoblasts build bone by producing the bone matrix.
  • What is the function of osteoclasts?
    Osteoclasts break down bone tissue for remodeling and calcium release.
  • What are the two main divisions of the skeleton?
    Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.
  • What bones make up the axial skeleton?
    Skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.
  • What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?
    Limbs and girdles (pectoral and pelvic).
  • What is the difference between compact and spongy bone?
    Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer; spongy bone is porous and found inside bones.
  • What is the role of the periosteum?
    A membrane covering the outer surface of bones, involved in growth and repair.
  • What is the epiphyseal plate?
    A growth plate of hyaline cartilage where bone lengthening occurs in children.
  • What is the function of red bone marrow?
    Red bone marrow produces blood cells.
  • What is the function of yellow bone marrow?
    Yellow bone marrow stores fat.
  • What is the process of bone remodeling?
    Continuous replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue involving osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
  • What is the difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification?
    Intramembranous ossification forms flat bones directly from mesenchyme; endochondral ossification forms most bones from cartilage models.
  • What is the function of the axial skeleton?
    Supports and protects the brain, spinal cord, and organs in the thorax.
  • What is the function of the appendicular skeleton?
    Facilitates movement and supports the limbs.
  • What are the major functions of bones?
    Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell formation, and energy storage.
  • What is the role of osteocytes?
    Osteocytes maintain bone tissue and communicate mechanical stress.
  • What is the composition of bone matrix?
    Organic components (collagen) and inorganic components (hydroxyapatite crystals).