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Anatomy & Physiology Lab Exam 1 Key Terms

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  • Acromial

    The region of the shoulder over the acromion of the scapula.

  • Antebrachial

    The forearm region between the elbow and the wrist.

  • Axillary

    The armpit area.

  • Brachial

    The arm region between the shoulder and the elbow.

  • Calcaneal

    The heel of the foot.

  • Cervical

    The neck region.

  • Cranial

    The skull or head region.

  • Dorsal cavity

    The cavity that includes the cranial and spinal cavities, protecting the brain and spinal cord.

  • Femoral

    The thigh region.

  • Gluteal

    The buttock region.

  • Inguinal

    The groin area where the thigh meets the trunk.

  • Lumbar

    The lower back region between the ribs and pelvis.

  • Mediastinum

    The central compartment of the thoracic cavity containing the heart, trachea, esophagus, and thymus.

  • Olecranal

    The posterior aspect of the elbow.

  • Patellar

    The anterior surface of the knee (kneecap).

  • Pelvic cavity

    The body cavity that contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.

  • Pericardial cavity

    The fluid-filled space surrounding the heart within the mediastinum.

  • Pleural cavity

    The fluid-filled space surrounding each lung.

  • Sagittal plane

    A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts.

  • Transverse plane

    A horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts.

  • Stratum basale

    The deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are generated.

  • Stratum corneum

    The outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead, flattened cells.

  • Dermis

    The thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis containing blood vessels, nerves, and glands.

  • Hypodermis

    The subcutaneous layer beneath the dermis composed mainly of adipose tissue.

  • Eccrine sweat gland

    A sweat gland that helps regulate body temperature by secreting watery sweat.

  • Apocrine sweat gland

    A sweat gland found in specific areas that secretes thicker sweat, often associated with body odor.

  • Sebaceous gland

    A gland that secretes oily sebum to lubricate skin and hair.

  • Pacinian corpuscle

    A sensory receptor in the skin that detects deep pressure and vibration.

  • Meissner’s corpuscle

    A sensory receptor in the skin that detects light touch.

  • Simple squamous epithelium

    A single layer of flat cells that allows for rapid diffusion and filtration.