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Anatomy & Physiology: Skeletal System Flashcards

컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
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이 집합의 용어 (28)

  • Osteon
    The basic structural unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal.
  • Lamella
    Concentric rings of bone matrix in an osteon that provide strength and support.
  • Osteocyte
    A mature bone cell located in lacunae that maintains bone tissue.
  • Lacunae
    Small spaces within the bone matrix that house osteocytes.
  • Canaliculi
    Tiny channels that connect lacunae, allowing communication and nutrient exchange between osteocytes.
  • Central canal
    The channel at the center of an osteon containing blood vessels and nerves.
  • Compact bone vs Spongy bone
    Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones; spongy bone is porous and found inside bones, containing red marrow.
  • Diaphysis
    The shaft or central part of a long bone.
  • Epiphysis
    The rounded end of a long bone, consisting of proximal and distal parts.
  • Foramen magnum
    Large opening in the occipital bone for passage of the spinal cord.
  • Bony orbit of the eye
    Formed by six bones: frontal, lacrimal, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxillary, and sphenoid.
  • Sutures of the skull
    Immovable joints between skull bones: coronal, squamous, lambdoid, and sagittal sutures.
  • Atlas (C1)
    First cervical vertebra with no body; supports the skull and allows nodding.
  • Axis (C2) and dens
    Second cervical vertebra with a peg-like dens (odontoid process) that allows head rotation.
  • True ribs
    Ribs 1-7 that attach directly to the sternum via their own costal cartilages.
  • False ribs
    Ribs 8-12 that do not attach directly to the sternum; ribs 8-10 attach via cartilage of rib 7.
  • Floating ribs
    Ribs 11 and 12 that have no anterior attachment to the sternum.
  • Acromion
    Lateral projection of the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder.
  • Deltoid tuberosity
    Roughened area on the humerus shaft where the deltoid muscle attaches.
  • Olecranon process
    Prominent bony projection of the ulna forming the tip of the elbow.
  • Mental foramen
    Opening in the mandible for passage of nerves and blood vessels.
  • Sella turcica
    Depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland.
  • Intervertebral discs
    Pads of fibrocartilage between vertebral bodies that absorb shock and allow movement.
  • Transverse foramina
    Openings in cervical vertebrae for passage of vertebral arteries.
  • Zygomatic arch
    Bony arch formed by the zygomatic and temporal bones.
  • Ischial tuberosity
    Part of the ischium that supports body weight when sitting.
  • Tibial tuberosity
    Bony prominence on the tibia where the quadriceps femoris tendon attaches.
  • Groove for ulnar nerve
    Depression on the humerus where the ulnar nerve passes, known as the 'funny bone.'