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Autonomic Nervous System - Anatomy & Physiology

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  • Which neurotransmitter do all motor neurons, somatic and autonomic, secrete?

    Acetylcholine

  • What do cholinergic receptors bind and what are their two types?

    They bind ACh and are made up of two types: nicotinic and muscarinic.

  • What is the first neuron in an autonomic neuron pathway called?

    The preganglionic neuron.

  • Where do parasympathetic fibers originate in the nervous system?

    In the craniosacral area.

  • Where are parasympathetic ganglia located?

    In the organs.

  • Where are postganglionic neurons located relative to the neural synapse?

    After the neural synapse.

  • Where are sympathetic ganglia located?

    Close to the spinal cord.

  • What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

    Parasympathetic and sympathetic.

  • What type of control does the autonomic nervous system provide over the body?

    Involuntary control.

  • What is another name for the parasympathetic division?

    The rest and digest system.

  • Compare the length of preganglionic axons in the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions.

    Parasympathetic preganglionic axons are long, sympathetic preganglionic axons are short.

  • What is another name for the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

    The fight or flight system.

  • Is the sympathetic division the major controller of blood pressure?

    True.

  • From which region of the spinal cord do sympathetic neurons originate?

    The thoracolumbar region.

  • Is the effector response always inhibitory when acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptors?

    False.

  • Which autonomic division produces a rapidly pounding heart, deep breathing, dry mouth, and cold sweaty skin when active?

    The sympathetic division.