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Axial Skeleton Anatomy & Physiology

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이 집합의 용어 (21)

  • Axial skeleton components
    Includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.
  • Frontal bone key feature
    Contains the supraorbital foramen above the eye socket.
  • Temporal bone regions
    Has the squamous and petrous regions.
  • Temporal bone processes
    Includes the zygomatic process, mastoid process, and styloid process.
  • Sphenoid bone features
    Has greater and lesser wings, sella turcica, and multiple foramina like optic canal and foramen ovale.
  • Ethmoid bone key parts
    Includes the cribriform plate, crista galli, and nasal conchae (superior and middle).
  • Occipital bone features
    Contains the foramen magnum, occipital condyles, and external occipital protuberance.
  • Maxilla key features
    Has the alveolar margin, palatine process, and infraorbital foramen.
  • Palatine bone plates
    Consists of the horizontal and vertical plates.
  • Mandible important parts
    Includes the body, ramus, angle, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, and foramina.
  • Hyoid bone parts
    Composed of the body, greater cornua, and lesser cornua.
  • Major cranial sutures
    Include sagittal, coronal, squamosal, and lambdoidal sutures.
  • Paranasal sinuses
    Air-filled cavities in the frontal, maxillary, sphenoidal, and ethmoid bones.
  • Fetal skull fontanels
    Soft spots: anterior (frontal), posterior (occipital), anterolateral (sphenoidal), and posterolateral (mastoid).
  • Vertebral column regions and counts
    Cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacrum (5 fused), and coccyx (3-5 fused).
  • Atlas and axis unique features
    Atlas supports the skull; axis has the odontoid process (dens) for rotation.
  • Parts of a vertebra
    Include body, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process, and articular processes.
  • Intervertebral foramina function
    Openings between vertebrae allowing spinal nerves to exit.
  • Spinal curvatures
    Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral curves maintain balance and absorb shock.
  • Thoracic cage components
    Includes the sternum (manubrium, body, xiphoid process) and 12 pairs of ribs.
  • Rib types
    True ribs (1-7), false ribs (8-12), with vertebrochondral (8-10) and floating ribs (11-12).