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chapter 1

컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
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이 집합의 용어 (25)

  • Difference between Anatomy and Physiology

    Anatomy studies body structures and their relationships. Physiology studies how living organisms perform vital functions.

  • What is Histology?

    The microscopic study of tissues and their structures.

  • 6 levels of structural organization in the human body

    Chemical/Molecular, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organismal levels.

  • Three core principles of Cell Theory

    Cells are structural and functional units of life, produced by division of existing cells, and smallest units performing vital functions.

  • Four primary tissue types in the human body

    Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Neural (Nervous) tissues.

  • Primary function of Epithelial Tissue

    Covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and cavities, and forms glands.

  • Primary function of Connective Tissue

    Fills internal spaces, provides structural support, transports materials, and stores energy.

  • Three types of Muscle Tissue

    Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle, and Smooth muscle.

  • Primary function of Neural (Nervous) Tissue

    Transmits information via electrical impulses between body parts.

  • What is Homeostasis?

    The state of relative constancy in the internal environment necessary for survival.

  • Three components of a homeostatic regulatory mechanism

    Receptor (senses changes), Control center (processes info), Effector (responds to restore balance).

  • Negative Feedback in homeostasis with example

    Response opposes original stimulus to restore balance. Example: sweating when hot.

  • Positive Feedback in homeostasis with example

    Response enhances original stimulus to complete a process. Example: blood clotting.

  • Describe standard Anatomical Position

    Standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides with palms forward, feet flat and together.

  • Meaning of Anterior (Ventral) and Posterior (Dorsal)

    Anterior/Ventral: toward front/belly side. Posterior/Dorsal: toward back side.

  • Meaning of Superior (Cranial) and Inferior (Caudal)

    Superior/Cranial: above or toward head. Inferior/Caudal: below or toward feet/tail.

  • Meaning of Medial and Lateral

    Medial: toward midline. Lateral: away from midline.

  • Meaning of Proximal and Distal

    Proximal: closer to point of attachment (limbs). Distal: farther from point of attachment.

  • Meaning of Superficial and Deep

    Superficial: near body surface. Deep: farther from body surface (more internal).

  • Plane dividing body into equal left and right halves

    The Midsagittal (Median) Plane.

  • Plane dividing body into anterior and posterior portions

    The Frontal (Coronal) Plane.

  • Plane dividing body horizontally into superior and inferior portions

    The Transverse (Cross-Sectional) Plane.

  • Major body cavities in the Ventral Body Cavity (Coelom)

    Thoracic Cavity and Abdominopelvic Cavity, separated by the diaphragm.

  • Sub-cavities within the Thoracic Cavity

    Pleural Cavities (lungs), Pericardial Cavity (heart), Mediastinum (central region with connective tissue and major vessels).

  • Difference between parietal and visceral serous membranes

    Parietal layer lines body cavity walls; Visceral layer covers outer surface of organs.