뒤로Digestive System Anatomy & Physiology
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The large intestine includes the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal.
The ileocecal valve controls the flow of chyme from the small intestine to the large intestine and prevents backflow.
Intestinal villi contain columnar epithelial cells, goblet cells, capillary networks, lacteals (lymphatic vessels), nerves, and smooth muscle cells.
Goblet cells secrete mucus to lubricate and protect the intestinal lining.
A lacteal is a lymphatic vessel in the villus that absorbs dietary fats and transports them to the lymphatic system.
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa (circular and longitudinal smooth muscle), and serosa.
The submucosal plexus regulates glandular secretions and blood flow within the intestinal wall.
The portal triad consists of the interlobular artery, interlobular vein, and bile ductule.
The interlobular septum separates liver lobules and contains branches of the portal triad.
The right lobe and left lobe, separated by the falciform ligament.
Coronary ligament, falciform ligament, and round ligament.
Porta hepatis, hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery proper, bile duct, left and right hepatic veins, caudate lobe, quadrate lobe, and gallbladder.
It carries nutrient-rich blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver for processing.
The bile duct transports bile produced by hepatocytes to the gallbladder and duodenum.
The muscularis mucosae produces local movements of the mucosa to enhance absorption and secretion.
The brush border is formed by microvilli on epithelial cells, increasing surface area for absorption.
They absorb and transport fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive tract.
It absorbs amino acids and sugars into the bloodstream.
Haustra are pouches that allow expansion and elongation of the colon during mass movement of feces.
Omental appendices are small fat-filled pouches of visceral peritoneum attached to the colon, possibly involved in immune response.