뒤로Exam 2 Flashcards
2:43
이 집합의 용어 (22)
Damaged tissue releases activated platelets and platelet aggregation occurs. Clotting factors are activated, forming a fibrin mesh that traps blood cells, stabilizing the clot and stopping bleeding.
Involves intrinsic and extrinsic pathways that activate clotting factors, leading to the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, which converts fibrinogen to fibrin to form a clot.
Based on presence of antigens on RBCs and antibodies in plasma. Blood type compatibility is crucial for transfusions to avoid agglutination.
Diffusion of gases, glucose, and hormones occurs where blood concentration gradients exist. Exchange is influenced by hydrostatic and osmotic pressures.
Blood flows through systemic and pulmonary circuits, including hepatic portal and fetal circulation, delivering blood to body regions and organs.
Locations where arteries are close to skin and can be palpated to measure pulse, such as carotid, radial, and femoral arteries.
Most blood is in veins (64%), less in arteries and capillaries. Veins act as blood reservoirs due to their capacity and compliance.
Connections between blood vessels providing alternate pathways for blood flow, important in areas like the brain and heart.
BP is generated by heart pumping and vessel resistance. It is influenced by cardiac output, blood volume, and vessel elasticity.
MAP = Diastolic BP + 1/3 (Systolic BP - Diastolic BP). It represents average blood pressure in arteries during one cardiac cycle.
Includes chronotropic agents (heart rate changes), inotropic agents (contractility), and preload (venous return). Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems regulate these.
Condition where the heart cannot pump effectively, causing fluid buildup and edema due to insufficient cardiac output.
Arteries have thick muscular walls and elastic fibers; veins have valves and thinner walls; capillaries are one cell thick for exchange.
Sequence of heart chamber contractions and relaxations including systole and diastole, producing heart sounds and pumping blood.
Prevent backflow of blood; include atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and mitral) and semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary).
Includes SA node, AV node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers that coordinate heartbeats by electrical impulses.
Records electrical activity of the heart, showing P wave, QRS complex, and T wave corresponding to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization.
Supplies blood to heart muscle via coronary arteries and veins; blockage can cause ischemia and myocardial infarction.
Production of red blood cells stimulated by erythropoietin in response to low oxygen levels.
Defend against infection; include granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) and agranulocytes (lymphocytes, monocytes).
Cell fragments involved in blood clotting; derived from megakaryocytes and help form platelet plugs.
Consists of plasma (55%) and formed elements (45%) including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.