Unit 2

__________ essential for long bone growth

_________bone absorbs shock and provides flexibility

_____bone found in epiphysis

_____________ = nutritional storage and rich in adipocytes

Symphyses allows for _____movement

Synchondroses = _____ cartilage

Symphyses = __________cartilage

Difference between fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage?

What type of joint is formed by hyaline cartilage between the first rib and the sternum?

Inner layer of the articular capsule, producing synovial fluid.

Structure surrounding synovial joints, consisting of an inner synovial membrane and an outer fibrous layer.

Joint capsule has an inner layer called the _____

Fibrocartilage of a ______ resists compression and acts as a shock absorber

A symphysis is a type of _____ joint

______(bone marking) refers to a smooth, rounded articular surface

Primary function of a process/tubercle:

In the ______ zone of the epiphyseal plate, new cartilage is produced as the chondrocytes divide and form stacks of cells

The coxal joint is the articulation between the ______________ of the femur and the ________ of the os coxae

This zone contains osteoblasts that deposit bone on the calcified cartilage, marking the final step in longitudinal growth

This zone supports chondrocyte division and tissue expansion

Bony callus formation: _____ replace the _______ soft callus with trabecular, spongy bone, creating a hard, firm bridge across the fracture site.

What is the main component of joint surfaces?

In endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes?

Where is bone replacing cartilage at the epiphyseal plate?

In intramembranous ossification, bone develops directly from sheets of ________________

remodeling- process by which __________resorb old or damaged bone at the same time as and on the same surface where __________form new bone to replace that which is resorbed

Which of the following are incapable of undergoing mitosis?

• osteoblasts and osteoclasts

• osteocytes and osteoclasts

• osteoblasts and osteocytes

• osteogenic cells and osteoclasts

Which of the following are found in compact bone and cancellous bone?

• Lamellae

• Haversian systems

• Haversian canals

• Lacunae

For the upper limb, all anterior motions are _________and all posterior motions are __________.

Hyaline cartilage covering the ends of articulating bones; reduces friction and cushions the joint

Outer portion of the capsule; provides strength and stability

Encloses the joint and helps hold the bones together

inner lining that produces synovial fluid

fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between structures

Space between articulating bones that contains synovial fluid

elongated bursae that surround tendons where friction is high

movement in multiple planes including rotation

movement in two planes (knuckles/metacarpophalangeal joints)

movement in two planes (thumb/carpometacarpal joint)

gliding movement

mainly flexion and extension (joint type)

rotation around an axis (joint type)

effort between fulcrum and resistance

fulcrum between effort and resistance

resistance between fulcrum and effort

connects clavicle to scapula

connects the clavicle to the sternum; the only bony connection between the upper limb and axial skeleton

forms the highest point of the shoulder and articulates with the clavicle