Ch. 15 The Special Senses
Marieb, Hoehn11th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874034
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation24
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive25
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units21
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric20
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System11
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton14
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue19
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System26
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity32
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System19
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses26
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System23
- Ch. 17 Blood25
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart24
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues14
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses27
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System21
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System31
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System26
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System24
- Ch. 28 Pregnancy and Human Development25
- Ch. 29 Heredity11
15장, 문제 31
Assume that a tumor in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus is protruding inferiorly and compressing the optic chiasma. What could be the visual outcome?
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Understand the anatomical relationship between the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and the optic chiasma. The optic chiasma is located just above the pituitary gland, where the optic nerves partially cross.
Step 2: Recognize that compression of the optic chiasma typically affects the crossing fibers from the nasal (medial) halves of both retinas. These fibers carry visual information from the temporal (lateral) visual fields of each eye.
Step 3: Recall that damage to the crossing fibers in the optic chiasma results in loss of peripheral vision on both sides, a condition known as bitemporal hemianopsia.
Step 4: Connect the tumor's inferior protrusion compressing the optic chiasma to the expected visual deficit, which is loss of the outer (temporal) visual fields in both eyes.
Step 5: Summarize that the visual outcome of such compression would be bitemporal hemianopsia, characterized by loss of peripheral vision bilaterally, while central vision remains intact.
주요 개념
질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.
Anatomy of the Optic Chiasma
The optic chiasma is the X-shaped structure where the optic nerves partially cross. It lies just above the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Understanding its location is crucial because compression here can affect visual pathways, leading to specific visual field defects.
추천 영상:
5:04
Optic Components
Visual Pathway and Field Defects
The optic chiasma contains crossing fibers from the nasal halves of both retinas, which correspond to the temporal visual fields. Compression of these fibers typically causes bitemporal hemianopia, a loss of peripheral vision on both sides.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
4:40Alternative Pathway
Effects of Pituitary or Hypothalamic Tumors
Tumors in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus can grow upward and compress the optic chiasma from below. This mechanical pressure disrupts nerve signal transmission, often resulting in characteristic visual disturbances such as bitemporal hemianopia.
추천 영상:
3:02The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland Example 2
관련 실천