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Biomolecules & Macromolecules Key Terms

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이 집합의 용어 (15)

  • Large, complex molecules found in living things; many are polymers.:

    macromolecules

  • A large molecule made of many repeating subunits.

    Polymer

  • Small building block subunit used to build polymers.

    Monomer

  • Specialized macromolecules (proteins) that speed up chemical reactions, including building and breaking polymers.

    enzymes

  • Joins monomers by removing \(H_2O\), forming covalent bonds.

    dehydration reaction

  • Breaks polymers into monomers by adding \(H_2O\)

    hydrolysis.

  • Sugars and sugar polymers used for energy and structure.

    carbohydrates

  • The simplest carbohydrate; a single sugar molecule.

    monosaccharide

  • Two monosaccharides linked by a dehydration reaction.

    disaccharid

  • A complex carbohydrate; a polymer of many sugars.

    polysaccharide

  • Hydrophobic biomolecules (often not true polymers); include fats and membranes.

    lipids

  • Fat molecule made of glycerol plus 3 fatty acids; used for energy storage.

    triaclyglycerol

  • Two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol

    phospholipid

  • Saturated fatty acid

    Have the maximum number of Hydrogen atoms possible and no double bonds

  • fatty acid with one of more c=c double bonds; usually liquid at room temperature

    Unsaturated fatty acid