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Cell Structure and Function - General Biology

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이 집합의 용어 (26)

  • Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)

    Protein production, especially proteins trafficked outside the cell or inserted into membranes.

  • Function of Mitochondrion

    Energy conversion by producing ATP through cellular respiration.

  • Name of the folded inner membrane of mitochondria

    Cristae, which increase surface area for energy production.

  • Structure unique to plant cells that provides shape and support

    Cell wall, a rigid outer layer outside the plasma membrane.

  • Products made by ribosomes attached to the ER

    Transport proteins and proteins trafficked outside the cell.

  • Organelle that is NOT surrounded by two membranes

    Ribosome, which is not membrane-bound.

  • Reason plasma membrane is selectively permeable

    Because the tails of phospholipids are hydrophobic, controlling molecule passage.

  • Specialized lipids forming the bilayer of cell membranes

    Phospholipids, which have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

  • Physical barrier separating intracellular and extracellular environments in animal cells

    Plasma membrane.

  • Component NOT found in plasma membrane

    Cellulose, which is found in plant cell walls, not membranes.

  • Organelle especially active in adipocytes for lipid synthesis

    Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, involved in lipid and fat production.

  • Organelle that detoxifies drugs and harmful substances

    Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.

  • Organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for export

    Golgi Complex.

  • Organelle converting light energy into sugars

    Chloroplast.

  • Prokaryotic cells include which organisms?

    Bacteria.

  • Organelle with increased energy production levels

    Mitochondria.

  • Genetic sequences in DNA code for what structure?

    Protein.

  • Organelle NOT part of the endomembrane system

    Mitochondria.

  • Correct relationship between genes, RNA, DNA, and proteins

    Genes → RNA → Proteins.

  • Function NOT performed by the plasma membrane

    Synthesizing proteins is not a plasma membrane function.

  • Structure NOT found in plant cells

    All listed structures (chloroplast, ribosome, cell wall, vacuole) are found in plant cells.

  • Match: Nucleus

    Genetic instructions are stored in this organelle.

  • Match: Rough ER

    A copy of DNA is read here to produce polypeptides.

  • Match: Golgi Complex

    Carbohydrates are added to proteins here.

  • Match: Transport Vesicles

    Pieces of membrane with enclosed protein products pinched off from an organelle.

  • Organelle that clears toxic waste from drugs and alcohol

    Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.