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컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
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이 집합의 용어 (27)

  • hypothesis

    ◦a possible explanation for an observation or possible answer to a question

  • •Prediction

    •: Expected outcome if your hypothesis is correct. Often written as an “If…then” statement

  • •Experiment

    •Test of your prediction, which essentially tests the hypothesis. Generates results;  Data collected from conducting the experiment

  • •Conclusion

    •Decision about your hypothesis based on your results. Results support my hypothesis or results do not support my hypothesis

  • Independent

    variable manipulated (changed) by the researcher

  • Dependent variable

     variable counted or measured by the researcher

  • Controlled variable

    all other variables; these are kept constant by the researcher

  • experimental group

    ◦receives a treatment (independent variable),while the control group does not

  • control group

    ◦compare results from the control group to those from the experimental group to determine if there is a difference due to the independent variable

  • pendulum experiment

    trying to find whether amount of swings was due to weight, string length, or both.

  • Conclusion of pendulum experiement

    length affects the amount of swings

  • Organic molecules

    •are built around carbon- hydrogen bonds

  • Three of these are used as nutrients

    •Carbohydrates

    •Lipids or Fats

    •Proteins

    •These are large molecules and may be

        referred to as macronutrients

  • Carbohydrates

    •Primary energy source for cells

    • Include sugars and polymers of sugars

    •Glucose, fructose; starch, glycogen, cellulose

  • Carbohydrates

    Polysaccharide

  • Lipids

    •Energy source and storage; component of cell membranes

    •Includes fats, hormones, triglycerides

  • Lipids

    Triglyceride

  • Proteins

    Amino Acid

  • Proteins

    •Many important functions in cells; mostly used for growth and repair

    •Include enzymes, muscle, hair

  • Micronutrients

    •Small nutrient molecules are referred to as micronutrients.

    •These may be organic, such as vitamins, or inorganic, such as minerals and water.

    •Many micronutrients, other than water, are only needed in small quantities, but are essential for survival.

  • Vitamins

    •Organic micronutrients; important in function of enzymes as coenzymes

    •Include B vitamins B & Vitamin C (water-soluble) and Vitamins A, D, E, & K (fat-soluble).

  • Minerals

    •Inorganic micronutrients:  including calcium, potassium, iodine, iron, sodium, copper, zinc, etc.

    •Have a variety of regulatory roles in the body.

  • Indicator

    •A chemical indicator is a substance that undergoes a distinct observable change when conditions in its solution change.

    •This could be a color change, precipitate formation, bubble formation, temperature change, or other measurable quality.

    •Examples:

    •pH paper

    •Presumptive Test for Cocaine

  • Enzymes

    special protein molecules that catalyze chemical reactions in cells

    accelerate (speed up) chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy needed for the reaction to occur

    are sensitive to changes in the environment

  • Catalase

    Catalase breaks the hydrogen peroxide down into water and oxygen.

  • peroxisomes

    which are important in breaking down toxins in the cell

  • denatured

    enzyme’s activity will fall to zero, as illustrated in the above graph