뒤로Mendelian Genetics and Genetic Variation
02:09
이 집합의 용어 (20)
A specific position in the genome where a gene or genetic marker is located.
The genetic makeup at one or more loci, representing the alleles an individual carries.
The observable traits or characteristics of an organism resulting from genotype and environment.
Different versions of a gene or locus that can produce variation in inherited traits.
Homozygous: two identical alleles at a locus. Heterozygous: two different alleles at a locus.
An allele whose phenotype is expressed when present in either homozygous or heterozygous form.
An allele whose phenotype is expressed only when homozygous.
Heterozygote phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygotes.
Alleles separate during meiosis so each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.
Crossing an individual with a dominant phenotype to a homozygous recessive to determine genotype.
Probability of two independent events both occurring = \(P(A) \times P(B)\).
Probability of either of two mutually exclusive events occurring = \(P(A) + P(B)\).
Alleles of different genes assort independently during gamete formation.
Cross between heterozygotes yields a 3:1 dominant to recessive phenotype ratio.
Cross between double heterozygotes yields a 9:3:3:1 ratio of phenotypes.
Short repetitive DNA sequences spread throughout the genome used to measure genetic variation.
Variations at a single nucleotide position in DNA sequence among individuals.
A set of alleles at multiple loci that are inherited together on the same chromosome.
Both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, e.g., ABO blood group IA and IB alleles.
Organisms that are homozygous for a trait and produce offspring with the same trait when self-crossed.