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Ch.12 - Parametric and Polar Curves
Briggs - Calculus: Early Transcendentals 3rd Edition
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
12장, 문제 12.3.47

45–60. Areas of regions Find the area of the following regions.


The region inside the curve r = √(cos θ) and inside the circle r = 1/√2 in the first quadrant

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Identify the curves given: the polar curve is \( r = \sqrt{\cos \theta} \) and the circle is \( r = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \). We are interested in the region inside both curves in the first quadrant, where \( \theta \) ranges from 0 to \( \frac{\pi}{2} \).
Find the points of intersection between the two curves by setting \( \sqrt{\cos \theta} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \). Square both sides to get \( \cos \theta = \frac{1}{2} \), then solve for \( \theta \) in the first quadrant.
Determine the limits of integration for \( \theta \) based on the intersection point and the first quadrant. The region inside both curves will be bounded by \( \theta = 0 \) and the intersection angle found in the previous step.
Set up the integral for the area of the region inside both curves. Since the region is inside both curves, the radius at each \( \theta \) is the smaller of the two radii. This means the area is the integral from 0 to the intersection angle of the area under \( r = \sqrt{\cos \theta} \), plus the integral from the intersection angle to \( \frac{\pi}{2} \) of the area under \( r = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \). Use the polar area formula: \[ A = \frac{1}{2} \int_{\alpha}^{\beta} r(\theta)^2 \, d\theta \].
Write the final expression for the area as the sum of two integrals: \[ A = \frac{1}{2} \int_0^{\theta_0} \cos \theta \, d\theta + \frac{1}{2} \int_{\theta_0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{2} \, d\theta \], where \( \theta_0 \) is the intersection angle found earlier.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Polar Coordinates and Curves

Polar coordinates represent points using a radius and angle (r, θ). Curves defined in polar form, like r = √(cos θ), describe shapes based on radius as a function of angle. Understanding how to interpret and plot these curves is essential for setting up area integrals.
추천 영상:
05:32
Intro to Polar Coordinates

Area Calculation in Polar Coordinates

The area enclosed by a polar curve between angles θ = a and θ = b is given by (1/2) ∫ from a to b of r(θ)^2 dθ. This formula accounts for the sector-like shape of regions in polar form and is key to finding areas bounded by one or more polar curves.
추천 영상:
05:32
Intro to Polar Coordinates

Determining Intersection Points and Integration Limits

To find the area common to two curves, it is necessary to find their points of intersection by equating their r-values and solving for θ. These intersection points define the limits of integration, ensuring the area is calculated only over the desired region, such as the first quadrant.
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6:02
Determining Different Coordinates for the Same Point