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Functional Groups quiz

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이 집합의 용어 (15)

  • What is the naming system used for functional groups called?
    The naming system is called nomenclature.
  • When naming a compound, what should you do if there is a tie in the longest carbon chain?
    Choose the chain that gives you more substituents.
  • From which end should you number the carbon chain when naming a compound with a functional group?
    Number the chain from the end closest to the functional group present.
  • Which functional groups do not require their location to be numbered because they are always terminal?
    Carboxylic acids, esters, and aldehydes do not require their location to be numbered.
  • What numerical prefixes are used when there are multiple similar substituents?
    The prefixes di, tri, tetra, and penta are used.
  • How is the ending of an alkane name changed when a carboxylic acid is present?
    The 'e' ending is changed to 'oic acid.'
  • What is the shorthand notation for a carboxylic acid group?
    It can be written as COOH or sometimes as CO2H.
  • How is an ester group structurally represented?
    An ester is shown as C double bond O connected to O connected to C, or COOC.
  • What is the shorthand way to write an aldehyde group?
    An aldehyde can be written as CHO.
  • What do the first four functional groups (carboxylic acid, ester, aldehyde, ketone) have in common?
    They all contain a C double bond O group, called a carbonyl.
  • Is a carbonyl group itself a functional group?
    No, a carbonyl is not a functional group but is present in many functional groups.
  • How is an alcohol group structurally represented?
    An alcohol is a carbon connected to an OH group (C–OH).
  • What is the structural difference between an ether and an ester?
    An ether is C–O–C, while an ester is C–O–C with one of the carbons double bonded to an O.
  • What does the variable 'X' represent in alkyl halides?
    'X' represents a halogen: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
  • What happens to the suffix of the parent chain when a functional group is present?
    The suffix changes to reflect the functional group, such as '-oic acid,' '-oate,' or '-al.'