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Halogens definitions

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  • Halogens
    Elements in group 7A, known for being the last reactive group on the periodic table.
  • Diatomic Molecules
    Molecules composed of two atoms, such as F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2, common among halogens.
  • Intermolecular Forces
    Forces between molecules, increasing down the halogen group, affecting physical states.
  • London Dispersion Forces
    Weak intermolecular forces present in nonpolar molecules like halogens.
  • Bond Length
    Distance between two bonded atoms, increasing down the halogen group.
  • Bond Energy
    Energy required to break a bond, generally decreasing with increasing bond length.
  • Electronegativity
    Tendency of an atom to attract electrons, high in fluorine causing repulsion in F2.
  • Oxidation States
    Possible charges of an element, with halogens typically having a -1 state.
  • Interhalogen Compounds
    Compounds formed by different halogens, with varying oxidation numbers.
  • Halooxyanions
    Anions formed by halogens and oxygen, such as hypohalites and perhalates.
  • Hypohalite
    A type of halooxyanion with the formula XO-, where X is a halogen.
  • Perhalate
    A halooxyanion with the formula XO4-, indicating the highest oxygen content.
  • Basic Solutions
    Solutions that can react with halogens to form hypohalites and halates.
  • Oxyacids
    Acids formed by adding H+ to halooxyanions, important for pH determination.