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Oxygen Family definitions

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  • Chalcogens
    Group 6A elements, known for their similarities with group 5A, including oxygen and sulfur.
  • Diatomic Molecules
    Molecules composed of two atoms, such as O2 and N2, which are gases and nonmetals.
  • Polyatomic Molecules
    Molecules composed of more than two atoms, like P4 and S8, which are solids and nonmetals.
  • Metalloids
    Elements with properties between metals and nonmetals, such as arsenic and selenium.
  • Network Covalent Elements
    Elements with covalent bonds forming a continuous network, like antimony and tellurium.
  • Synthetic Elements
    Man-made elements, highly radioactive with short half-lives, such as Moscovium and Livermorium.
  • Electrical Conductivity
    The ability of an element to conduct electricity, increasing as elements become more metallic.
  • Allotropes
    Different structural forms of the same element, like ozone and orthorhombic sulfur.
  • Ozone
    A bluish, pungent-smelling allotrope of oxygen, part of the ozone layer, reacting with UV light.
  • Orthorhombic Sulfur
    The most stable form of sulfur, consisting of eight sulfur atoms in a cyclic structure.
  • Amorphous
    A form of matter with atoms arranged randomly, lacking a defined shape, like amorphous tellurium.
  • Crystalline
    A form of matter with atoms arranged in a repeating pattern, like hexagonal crystalline tellurium.
  • Electronegativity
    A measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons, decreasing down group 6A.
  • Ionization Energy
    The energy required to remove an electron from an atom, decreasing down group 6A.
  • Atomic Size
    The size of an atom, increasing down group 6A due to additional electron shells.