Natural gas consists primarily of methane, CH₄(g). (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the incomplete combustion of methane to product CO(g) as the only carbon-containg product.

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Identify the reactants and products involved in the incomplete combustion of methane. The reactants are methane (CH_4) and oxygen (O_2), and the products are carbon monoxide (CO) and water (H_2O).

Write the unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction: CH_4 + O_2 -> CO + H_2O.

Balance the carbon atoms first. There is one carbon atom in CH_4 and one in CO, so the carbon atoms are already balanced.

Next, balance the hydrogen atoms. There are four hydrogen atoms in CH_4, so you need two H_2O molecules to balance the hydrogen: CH_4 + O_2 -> CO + 2H_2O.

Finally, balance the oxygen atoms. There are two oxygen atoms in CO and two in 2H_2O, totaling four oxygen atoms needed on the product side. Therefore, you need two O_2 molecules on the reactant side: CH_4 + 2O_2 -> CO + 2H_2O.

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주요 개념

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Combustion Reactions

Combustion reactions involve the reaction of a substance with oxygen, producing heat and light. Incomplete combustion occurs when there is insufficient oxygen, leading to the formation of carbon monoxide (CO) instead of carbon dioxide (CO2). Understanding the difference between complete and incomplete combustion is crucial for predicting the products of the reaction.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations is essential to ensure that the law of conservation of mass is upheld, meaning the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of the equation. This involves adjusting coefficients in front of the reactants and products to achieve balance. Mastery of this skill is necessary for accurately representing chemical reactions.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows chemists to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction. In the context of the incomplete combustion of methane, stoichiometry helps determine the correct ratios of methane and oxygen needed to produce carbon monoxide.

Natural gas consists primarily of methane, CH4(g). (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the incomplete combustion of methane to product CO(g) as the only carbon-containg product.