For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, ΔE = 0, q = 0, and w = 0. (b) Explain why no work is done by the system during this process.

검증된 단계별 안내

insert step 1> Understand the concept of isothermal expansion into a vacuum, which is also known as free expansion.

insert step 2> Recognize that in a vacuum, there is no external pressure opposing the expansion of the gas.

insert step 3> Recall that work done by a gas during expansion is given by the formula: w = -P_{ext} \(\Delta\) V, where P_{ext} is the external pressure.

insert step 4> Since the gas is expanding into a vacuum, P_{ext} = 0, meaning there is no opposing force.

insert step 5> Conclude that with P_{ext} = 0, the work done, w, is also 0, as w = -0 \(\times\) \(\Delta\) V = 0.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Isothermal Process

An isothermal process occurs at a constant temperature, meaning that the internal energy of an ideal gas remains unchanged during the expansion or compression. In this scenario, since the temperature is constant, any heat added to the system is used to do work, but in the case of expansion into a vacuum, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings.

Work in Thermodynamics

In thermodynamics, work is defined as the energy transfer that occurs when a force is applied over a distance. For a gas expanding against an external pressure, work is done by the system. However, in an expansion into a vacuum, there is no opposing pressure, meaning the gas does not push against anything, resulting in zero work done.

For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, ΔE = 0, q = 0, and w = 0. (b) Explain why no work is done by the system during this process.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

주요 개념

Isothermal Process

Work in Thermodynamics

First Law of Thermodynamics