교과서 질문
Each of the following transmutations produces a radionuclide used in positron emission tomography (PET).
(a) In equations (i) and (ii), identify the species signified as 'X.'
(i) 14N(p,α)X
(ii) 18O(p,X)18F
(iii) 14N(d,n)15O
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Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
21장, 문제 82
The nuclear masses of 7Be, 9Be, and 10Be are 7.0147, 9.0100, and 10.0113 amu, respectively. Which of these nuclei has the largest binding energy per nucleon?
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: The binding energy of a nucleus is the energy required to disassemble a nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons. It is equivalent to the mass defect of the nucleus, which is the difference between the mass of the nucleus and the sum of the masses of its individual protons and neutrons.
Step 2: To find the binding energy, we first need to calculate the mass defect. The mass defect (Δm) can be calculated using the formula Δm = Zm_p + Nm_n - M, where Z is the number of protons, m_p is the mass of a proton, N is the number of neutrons, m_n is the mass of a neutron, and M is the mass of the nucleus.
Step 3: For each isotope of Beryllium (7Be, 9Be, and 10Be), calculate the mass defect using the given nuclear masses and the known masses of a proton (1.0073 amu) and a neutron (1.0087 amu).
Step 4: Convert the mass defect from atomic mass units (amu) to energy using Einstein's equation E=mc^2, where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light. Note that 1 amu is equivalent to 931.5 MeV/c^2.
Step 5: Finally, to find the binding energy per nucleon, divide the total binding energy by the number of nucleons (protons + neutrons) in the nucleus. The nucleus with the largest binding energy per nucleon is the most stable.
비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:
이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
영상 길이:
15m주요 개념
질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.
Binding Energy
Binding energy is the energy required to disassemble a nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons. It is a measure of the stability of a nucleus; the higher the binding energy, the more stable the nucleus. This energy arises from the strong nuclear force that holds the nucleons together, overcoming the repulsive electromagnetic force between protons.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:06
Nuclear Binding Energy
Binding Energy per Nucleon
Binding energy per nucleon is calculated by dividing the total binding energy of a nucleus by the number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) it contains. This value provides a normalized measure of nuclear stability, allowing for comparison between different nuclei. A higher binding energy per nucleon indicates a more stable nucleus, which is crucial for understanding nuclear reactions and stability.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:06Nuclear Binding Energy
Mass Defect
Mass defect refers to the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of the individual masses of its constituent nucleons. This 'missing' mass is converted into binding energy according to Einstein's equation, E=mc². Understanding mass defect is essential for calculating the binding energy and, consequently, the binding energy per nucleon for different isotopes.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
00:55Calculating Mass Defect