Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances: (c) Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavor enhancer in certain foods, contains 35.51% C, 4.77% H, 37.85% O, 8.29% N, and 13.60% Na, and has a molar mass of 169 g/mol.

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Calculate the moles of each element in the compound by dividing the percentage by the atomic mass of each element. Use the atomic masses: C (12.01 g/mol), H (1.008 g/mol), O (16.00 g/mol), N (14.01 g/mol), and Na (22.99 g/mol).

Step 2: Determine the simplest whole number ratio of the moles of each element by dividing each value by the smallest number of moles calculated in step 1.

Step 3: Use the mole ratios to write the empirical formula by assigning these ratios as subscripts to the respective elements.

Step 4: Calculate the molar mass of the empirical formula. Sum the masses of all the atoms in the empirical formula.

Step 5: Determine the molecular formula by dividing the given molar mass of the compound (169 g/mol) by the molar mass of the empirical formula calculated in step 4. Multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by this ratio to get the molecular formula.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

영상 길이:

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Empirical Formula

The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound. To determine it, the percentage composition of each element is converted to moles, and then the mole ratios are simplified to the smallest integers. This formula provides insight into the basic composition of the substance without indicating the actual number of atoms in a molecule.

Molecular Formula

The molecular formula indicates the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of a compound. It can be derived from the empirical formula by multiplying the subscripts by a whole number, which is determined by dividing the compound's molar mass by the molar mass of the empirical formula. This formula gives a complete picture of the molecular structure and composition.

Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule based on the molecular formula. Knowing the molar mass is essential for converting between grams and moles, which is crucial for determining both empirical and molecular formulas in chemical analysis.