Although I₃^- is a known ion, F₃^- is not. (b) One of your classmates says that F₃^- does not exist because F is too electronegative to make bonds with another atom. Give an example that proves your classmate is wrong.

Calculate the formal charge on the indicated atom in each of the following molecules or ions: (a) the central oxygen atom in O₃ (b) phosphorus in PF₆^- (c) nitrogen in NO₂ (d) iodine in ICl₃ (e) chlorine in HClO₄ (hydrogen is bonded to O).

The hypochlorite ion, ClO^-, is the active ingredient in bleach. The perchlorate ion, ClO₄^-, is a main component of rocket propellants. Draw Lewis structures for both ions. (b) What is the formal charge of Cl in the perchlorate ion, assuming the Cl—O bonds are all single bonds?

A major challenge in implementing the 'hydrogen economy' is finding a safe, lightweight, and compact way of storing hydrogen for use as a fuel. The hydrides of light metals are attractive for hydrogen storage because they can store a high weight percentage of hydrogen in a small volume. For example, NaAlH₄ can release 5.6% of its mass as H2 upon decomposing to NaH(s), Al(s), and H₂(g). NaAlH₄ possesses both covalent bonds, which hold polyatomic anions together, and ionic bonds. (c) Based on electronegativity differences, predict the identity of the polyatomic anion. Draw a Lewis structure for this ion.

A major challenge in implementing the 'hydrogen economy' is finding a safe, lightweight, and compact way of storing hydrogen for use as a fuel. The hydrides of light metals are attractive for hydrogen storage because they can store a high weight percentage of hydrogen in a small volume. For example, NaAlH4 can release 5.6% of its mass as H2 upon decomposing to NaH(s), Al(s), and H2(g). NaAlH4 possesses both covalent bonds, which hold polyatomic anions together, and ionic bonds. (b) Which element in NaAlH4 is the most electronegative? Which one is the least electronegative? Which element in NaAlH4 is the least electronegative?

A major challenge in implementing the 'hydrogen economy' is finding a safe, lightweight, and compact way of storing hydrogen for use as a fuel. The hydrides of light metals are attractive for hydrogen storage because they can store a high weight percentage of hydrogen in a small volume. For example, NaAlH₄ can release 5.6% of its mass as H2 upon decomposing to NaH(s), Al(s), and H₂(g). NaAlH₄ possesses both covalent bonds, which hold polyatomic anions together, and ionic bonds. (d) What is the formal charge on hydrogen in the polyatomic ion?

Although I₃^- is a known ion, F₃^- is not. (c) Another classmate says F₃^- does not exist because it would violate the octet rule. Is this classmate possibly correct?