Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition

Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경

Brown 15th Edition

Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

문제 78a

3장, 문제 78a

Aluminum hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid as follows: 2 Al1OH231s2 + 3 H2SO41aq2¡Al21SO4231aq2 + 6 H2O1l2 Which is the limiting reactant when 0.500 mol Al1OH23 and 0.500 mol H2SO4 are allowed to react?

검증된 단계별 안내

Write down the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: 2 Al(OH)_{3}(s) + 3 H_{2}SO_{4}(aq) \(\rightarrow\) Al_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}(aq) + 6 H_{2}O(l).

Calculate the mole ratio from the balanced equation between Al(OH)_{3} and H_{2}SO_{4}. From the equation, 2 moles of Al(OH)_{3} react with 3 moles of H_{2}SO_{4}.

Determine the theoretical amount of H_{2}SO_{4} needed to completely react with 0.500 moles of Al(OH)_{3} using the mole ratio. Multiply the moles of Al(OH)_{3} by the ratio (3 moles of H_{2}SO_{4} / 2 moles of Al(OH)_{3}).

Compare the theoretical amount of H_{2}SO_{4} needed to the actual amount available (0.500 moles).

Identify the limiting reactant: if the actual amount of H_{2}SO_{4} is less than the theoretical amount needed, H_{2}SO_{4} is the limiting reactant; otherwise, Al(OH)_{3} is the limiting reactant.

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이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

영상 길이:

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Limiting Reactant

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed. To identify it, one must compare the mole ratio of the reactants used in the reaction to the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced equation. It involves using mole ratios derived from the coefficients of the balanced equation to determine how much of each reactant is needed or how much product can be formed from given amounts of reactants.

Balanced Chemical Equation

A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. It provides the mole ratios necessary for stoichiometric calculations, allowing one to predict the amounts of reactants consumed and products formed during the reaction.

관련 실천

교과서 질문

Consider the mixture of propane, C3H8, and O2 shown here. (c) How many molecules of CO2, H2O, C3H8, and O2 will be present if the reaction goes to completion?

954

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교과서 질문

Aluminum hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid as follows: 2 Al1OH231s2 + 3 H2SO41aq2¡Al21SO4231aq2 + 6 H2O1l2 How many moles of the excess reactant remain after the completion of the reaction?

624

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교과서 질문

The fizz produced when an Alka-Seltzer tablet is dissolved in water is due to the reaction between sodium bicarbonate 1NaHCO32 and citric acid 1H3C6H5O72: 3 NaHCO31aq2 + H3C6H5O71aq2¡ 3 CO21g2 + 3H2O1l2 + Na3C6H5O71aq2 In a certain experiment 1.00 g of sodium bicarbonate and 1.00 g of citric acid are allowed to react. (a) Which is the limiting reactant? (b) How many grams of carbon dioxide form? (c) How many grams of the excess reactant remain after the limiting reactant is completely consumed?

Aluminum hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid as follows: 2 Al1OH231s2 + 3 H2SO41aq2¡Al21SO4231aq2 + 6 H2O1l2 How many moles of Al21SO423 can form under these conditions?

740

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교과서 질문

Sodium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide as follows: 2 NaOH(s) + CO₂(g) →Na₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(l) How many moles of Na₂CO₃ can be produced?

830

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교과서 질문

Sodium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide as follows: 2 NaOH1s2 + CO21g2¡Na2CO31s2 + H2O1l2 How many moles of the excess reactant remain after the completion of the reaction?

739

views