Ch.9 Solutions

McMurry - Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 8th Edition

McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경

McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.9 Solutions

문제 38a

9장, 문제 38a

The solubility of NH₃ gas in water at an NH₃ pressure of 760.0 mmHg and 25°C is 51.8 g/100 mL and 27.0 g/100 mL at 50°C.
a.What is the solubility of NH₃ if its partial pressure is reduced to 225.0 mmHg?

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the relationship between gas solubility and pressure. According to Henry's Law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. The formula is:

S = k P

, where

S

is the solubility,

k

is the proportionality constant, and

P

is the partial pressure.

Step 2: Use the given data to calculate the proportionality constant

k

at 25°C. Rearrange Henry's Law to solve for

k

k = \frac{S}{P}

. Substitute the solubility of NH₃ (51.8 g/100 mL) and the pressure (760.0 mmHg) into the equation.

Step 3: Once

k

is determined, use it to calculate the solubility of NH₃ at the reduced pressure of 225.0 mmHg. Rearrange Henry's Law to solve for solubility:

S = k P

. Substitute the value of

k

and the new pressure (225.0 mmHg) into the equation.

Step 4: Perform the calculation to find the solubility of NH₃ at 225.0 mmHg. Ensure that the units of solubility remain consistent (e.g., g/100 mL).

Step 5: Verify the result by checking the proportionality between solubility and pressure. The solubility at 225.0 mmHg should be lower than the solubility at 760.0 mmHg, as the pressure has decreased.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Henry's Law

Henry's Law states that the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid at a given temperature is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid. This principle is crucial for understanding how changes in pressure affect the solubility of gases, such as NH₃, in water.

Solubility

Solubility refers to the maximum amount of a substance that can dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. In this context, it is important to know how solubility values change with temperature and pressure to calculate the new solubility of NH₃ at a reduced pressure.

Temperature Effects on Solubility

Temperature can significantly influence the solubility of gases in liquids. Generally, as temperature increases, the solubility of gases decreases. Understanding this relationship helps in predicting how the solubility of NH₃ will change when the temperature is altered, as seen in the provided solubility data.

The solubility of NH3 gas in water at an NH₃ pressure of 760.0 mmHg and 25°C is 51.8 g/100 mL and 27.0 g/100 mL at 50°C.a.What is the solubility of NH3 if its partial pressure is reduced to 225.0 mmHg?