교과서 질문
What specific test for antimicrobial efficacy is shown? What does this test measure? Draw an oval to predict the size and shape of the zone of inhibition if the drug concentration on the strip were increased twofold.
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Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
10장, 문제 3
Why is the fact that drug Z destroys the NAM portions of a cell’s wall structure an important factor in considering the drug for chemotherapy?
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Understand the structure of bacterial cell walls, focusing on peptidoglycan, which is composed of alternating units of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM). NAM is a critical component that provides structural integrity to the cell wall.
Step 2: Recognize that many antibiotics target the bacterial cell wall because it is essential for bacterial survival and is absent in human cells, making it an ideal selective target for chemotherapy.
Step 3: Analyze how drug Z's destruction of the NAM portions disrupts the peptidoglycan layer, weakening the cell wall and leading to bacterial cell lysis due to osmotic pressure.
Step 4: Consider that targeting NAM specifically can be highly effective because it interferes with the synthesis or stability of the cell wall, which is vital for bacterial growth and maintenance.
Step 5: Conclude that drug Z's mechanism of action makes it a promising candidate for chemotherapy as it selectively attacks a bacterial-specific structure, minimizing harm to human cells and effectively killing bacteria.
비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:
이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
영상 길이:
2m주요 개념
질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.
Structure and Function of Peptidoglycan in Bacterial Cell Walls
Peptidoglycan is a critical component of bacterial cell walls, providing structural strength and shape. It consists of sugar chains, including N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM), cross-linked by peptides. Disrupting NAM weakens the cell wall, leading to bacterial lysis, making it a prime target for antibiotics.
추천 영상:
03:44
Introduction to Bacterial Cell Walls
Mechanism of Action of Cell Wall-Targeting Antibiotics
Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis, such as those affecting NAM, inhibit the formation or integrity of peptidoglycan. This prevents bacteria from maintaining their cell wall, causing osmotic imbalance and cell death. Understanding this mechanism is essential for evaluating drug Z’s effectiveness.
추천 영상:
03:44Introduction to Bacterial Cell Walls
Selective Toxicity in Chemotherapy
Selective toxicity refers to a drug’s ability to target microbial cells without harming host cells. Since human cells lack peptidoglycan and NAM, drugs that destroy NAM selectively kill bacteria, making them suitable for chemotherapy with minimal side effects on human tissues.
추천 영상:
03:27Selective Media
관련 실천
교과서 질문
In a Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test, the presence of a zone of inhibition around disks containing antimicrobial agents indicates __________ .
a. That the microbe does not grow in the presence of the agents
b. That the microbe grows well in the presence of the agents
c. The smallest amount of the agent that will inhibit the growth of the microbe
d. The minimum amount of an agent that kills the microbe in question
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교과서 질문
Given that both human cells and pathogens synthesize proteins at ribosomal sites, how can antimicrobial agents that target this process be safe to use in humans?
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교과서 질문
Which of the following statements is relevant in explaining why sulfonamides are effective?
a. Sulfonamides attach to sterol lipids in the pathogen, disrupt the membranes, and lyse the cells.
b. Sulfonamides prevent the incorporation of amino acids into polypeptide chains.
c. Humans and microbes use PABA differently in their metabolism.
d. Sulfonamides inhibit DNA replication in both pathogens and human cells.
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교과서 질문
Contrast narrow-spectrum and broad-spectrum drugs. Which are more effective?
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교과서 질문
The key to successful chemotherapy is __________ .
a. Selective toxicity
b. A diffusion test
c. The minimum inhibitory concentration test
d. The spectrum of action
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