Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds. (a) CH3CH2C≡CCOOH (b) CH3CH(NH2)CH(OH)COOH

Ch. 20 - Carboxylic Acids

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Wade 9th Edition

Ch. 20 - Carboxylic Acids

문제 25a,b

20장, 문제 25a,b

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds.
(a) CH₃CH₂C≡CCOOH
(b) CH₃CH(NH₂)CH(OH)COOH

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: For compound (i), identify the longest carbon chain that includes the carboxylic acid group (-COOH). The chain contains 5 carbons, and the carboxylic acid group is at the end of the chain, making it the parent chain.

Step 2: Number the chain starting from the carboxylic acid group (carbon 1). The triple bond is located between carbons 3 and 4. The suffix '-oic acid' is used for carboxylic acids, and the prefix 'yne' is used for triple bonds.

Step 3: Combine the name by specifying the position of the triple bond and the carboxylic acid group. The name will include the position of the triple bond (3) and the suffix '-oic acid' for the carboxylic acid group.

Step 4: For compound (ii), identify the longest carbon chain that includes the carboxylic acid group (-COOH). The chain contains 4 carbons, and the carboxylic acid group is at the end of the chain, making it the parent chain.

Step 5: Number the chain starting from the carboxylic acid group (carbon 1). The amino group (-NH2) is attached to carbon 2, and the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to carbon 3. Use the prefixes 'amino-' and 'hydroxy-' to indicate these substituents, along with their positions in the name.

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주요 개념

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IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for naming based on the structure of the molecule, including the longest carbon chain, functional groups, and the position of substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately naming compounds, as it ensures that each name conveys specific information about the compound's structure.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the compounds presented, carboxylic acids (-COOH) and amines (-NH2) are key functional groups. Recognizing these groups is crucial for determining the properties and reactivity of the compounds, as well as for their correct naming.

Alkynes and Alcohols

Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond, while alcohols are organic compounds that contain one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups. The presence of these functional groups in the given compounds influences their nomenclature and properties. Identifying these groups helps in constructing the correct IUPAC names by indicating the type of bonds and functional groups present in the structure.