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Newton's First Law and Equilibrium - Physics with Calculus

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이 집합의 용어 (20)

  • Aristotle's classification of motion
    Natural motion is motion toward an object's proper place (earth, water, air, fire). Violent motion is caused by external pushes or pulls.
  • Galileo's discovery about falling objects
    Objects of different weight fall at the same rate without air resistance.
  • Inertia
    Inertia is a property of matter to resist changes in motion and depends on mass.
  • Newton's First Law of Motion
    An object remains at rest or moves at constant velocity unless acted on by a nonzero net force.
  • Net force
    The vector sum of all forces acting on an object.
  • Vector quantity
    A quantity with both magnitude and direction, represented by arrows.
  • Scalar quantity
    A quantity with magnitude only, no direction.
  • Resultant vector
    The sum of two or more vectors, found by arithmetic addition or parallelogram rule.
  • Equilibrium rule
    The vector sum of forces on a nonaccelerating object equals zero.
  • Support force (normal force)
    An upward force opposing gravity, like a table pushing up on a book.
  • Static equilibrium
    An object at rest with no net force acting on it.
  • Dynamic equilibrium
    An object moving at constant velocity with no net force acting on it.
  • Effect of friction on motion
    Friction causes a moving object to slow and eventually stop unless balanced by an applied force.
  • Parallelogram rule for vectors
    Used to find the resultant of two vectors not aligned in the same or opposite directions.
  • Tension in ropes at different angles
    Tensions differ due to angles; vector sum of tensions balances the weight in equilibrium.
  • Equilibrium test
    If an object’s motion does not change, it is in equilibrium.
  • Effect of Earth's motion on objects
    Objects moving with Earth maintain their horizontal motion due to inertia.
  • Force balance when pushing a crate at steady speed
    Applied force equals friction force to maintain dynamic equilibrium.
  • Vector representation of forces
    Arrows show magnitude and direction; longer arrows mean greater force.
  • Galileo's inclined plane experiments
    Showed that a ball on a horizontal plane maintains speed indefinitely without friction.