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Acid Strength quiz

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  • What is a binary acid composed of?
    A binary acid consists of an H+ ion connected to an electronegative element, typically a nonmetal.
  • How do strong acids behave in water?
    Strong acids completely ionize in water, producing 100% ions as products.
  • What is the difference in ionization between strong and weak acids?
    Strong acids fully ionize in water, while weak acids only partially ionize, establishing an equilibrium.
  • How is the strength of a binary acid determined for elements in the same period?
    For elements in the same period, the strength is determined by electronegativity; higher electronegativity means stronger acid.
  • How is the strength of a binary acid determined for elements in the same group?
    For elements in the same group, the strength is determined by atomic radius; larger atomic radius means stronger acid.
  • What is the most electronegative element on the periodic table?
    Fluorine is the most electronegative element, with a value of 4.0.
  • When comparing binary acids separated by only one row, which property is used?
    Electronegativity is used to compare binary acids separated by only one row.
  • When comparing binary acids separated by more than one row, which property is used?
    Atomic radius (size) is used to compare binary acids separated by more than one row.
  • What is an oxyacid composed of?
    An oxyacid is composed of an H+ ion, a nonmetal, and oxygen, often in the form of a polyatomic ion.
  • What rule is used to determine if an oxyacid is strong or weak when Ka is unknown?
    If an oxyacid has 2 or more oxygens than hydrogens, it is classified as a strong acid; otherwise, it is weak.
  • How do you compare the strength of oxyacids with different numbers of oxygens?
    The oxyacid with more remaining oxygens after subtracting hydrogens is more acidic.
  • How do you compare the strength of oxyacids with the same number of oxygens?
    The oxyacid with the more electronegative nonmetal is stronger if the number of oxygens is equal.
  • Name three exceptions to the oxyacid strength rule.
    Oxalic acid, iodic acid, and amphoteric species are exceptions and can be weak despite meeting the rule for strong oxyacids.
  • Why are oxalic acid and iodic acid weak despite having 2 or more oxygens than hydrogens?
    They are weak because their nonmetals (carbon and iodine) have low electronegativity, reducing their acidity.
  • What is an amphoteric species and why is it not classified as a strong oxyacid?
    Amphoteric species can act as acids or bases due to their hydrogen and negative charge, so they are not definitively strong oxyacids.