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Potentiometry definitions

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  • Potentiometry
    Analytical technique measuring voltage between electrodes without current to determine solution composition.
  • Electrochemical Cell
    System consisting of two electrodes and solutions, enabling measurement of voltage differences for analysis.
  • Indicator Electrode
    Component interacting with the analyte, reflecting changes in solution composition through its potential.
  • Reference Electrode
    Electrode maintaining constant potential, providing a stable comparison for voltage measurements.
  • Analyte
    Substance in solution whose concentration or composition is determined by voltage measurement.
  • Cell Potential
    Measured voltage difference between indicator and reference electrodes, including any junction effects.
  • Junction Potential
    Voltage arising at the interface of two electrolyte solutions, minimized by using similar ion sizes.
  • Salt Bridge
    Device containing neutral salts, connecting half-cells and minimizing voltage imbalances between them.
  • Potassium Chloride
    Preferred salt in bridges due to similar ion sizes, effectively reducing unwanted voltage differences.
  • Nernst Equation
    Mathematical relationship linking electrode potential to analyte concentration and redox state.
  • Half Reaction
    Process describing electron transfer at each electrode, crucial for understanding cell operation.
  • Anode
    Electrode where oxidation occurs, often associated with the reference side in potentiometric cells.
  • Cathode
    Electrode where reduction occurs, typically connected to the indicator electrode in analysis.
  • Platinum Electrode
    Inert conductor used when no solid analyte forms, ensuring accurate potential measurement.
  • Precipitate
    Solid formed during electrode reactions, such as silver chloride, indicating specific chemical changes.