Step 1: Begin by understanding the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is one of the two main divisions of the nervous system, the other being the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is responsible for processing and integrating information.
Step 2: Identify the organs that make up the CNS. The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, which are protected by the skull and vertebral column, respectively.
Step 3: Differentiate the CNS from the PNS. The PNS includes cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and sensory receptors, which connect the CNS to the rest of the body.
Step 4: Eliminate incorrect options based on the definitions. For example, cranial nerves and spinal nerves are part of the PNS, not the CNS. Similarly, sensory receptors are part of the PNS.
Step 5: Confirm that the correct answer is 'Brain and spinal cord,' as these are the two primary organs that make up the central nervous system.