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Anatomy & Physiology: Anatomical Orientation & Cell Structure

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이 집합의 용어 (21)

  • What is the anatomical position?

    The standard body position used as a reference in anatomy where the body is standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.

  • What does the median (midsagittal) plane separate?

    The body into left and right halves.

  • What does the frontal (coronal) plane separate?

    The body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) parts.

  • What does the transverse plane separate?

    The body into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) parts.

  • Name the two main body cavities and their subdivisions.

    Dorsal cavity: cranial and vertebral cavities.
    Ventral cavity: thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity (abdominal and pelvic cavities).

  • What are the four abdominopelvic quadrants?

    Right upper quadrant (RUQ), Left upper quadrant (LUQ), Right lower quadrant (RLQ), Left lower quadrant (LLQ).

  • List major organelles visible in a generalized cell diagram.

    Nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear envelope, chromatin, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrion, lysosome, peroxisome, ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytosol, centrioles, centrosome, microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microvilli, vesicles.

  • Define 'superior' (cranial) in anatomical terms.

    Toward the head or upper part of a structure or the body; above.

  • Define 'inferior' (caudal) in anatomical terms.

    Away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below.

  • Define 'anterior' (ventral) in anatomical terms.

    Toward or at the front of the body; in front.

  • Define 'posterior' (dorsal) in anatomical terms.

    Toward or at the back of the body; behind.

  • Define 'medial' in anatomical terms.

    Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side.

  • Define 'lateral' in anatomical terms.

    Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side.

  • Define 'intermediate' in anatomical terms.

    Between a more medial and a more lateral structure.

  • Define 'proximal' in anatomical terms.

    Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

  • Define 'distal' in anatomical terms.

    Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

  • Define 'superficial' (external) in anatomical terms.

    Toward or at the body surface.

  • Define 'deep' (internal) in anatomical terms.

    Away from the body surface; more internal.

  • Example: What is superior to the nose?

    The forehead is superior to the nose.

  • Example: What is medial to the arm?

    The heart is medial to the arm.

  • Example: What is distal to the thigh?

    The knee is distal to the thigh.