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Anatomy & Physiology: Anatomical Position, Directional Terms, Movements, Cavities, and Quadrants

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이 집합의 용어 (24)

  • What is the anatomical position?

    The anatomical position is the body standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides with palms facing forward, and feet parallel.

  • Why is the anatomical position important in anatomy?

    It provides a consistent frame of reference for anatomical terminology, ensuring clear and unambiguous communication among healthcare professionals and anatomists.

  • Define the directional term: superior.

    Superior means toward the head or upper part of a structure.

  • Define the directional term: inferior.

    Inferior means away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure.

  • Define the directional term: anterior (ventral).

    Anterior (ventral) means toward the front of the body.

  • Define the directional term: posterior (dorsal).

    Posterior (dorsal) means toward the back of the body.

  • Define the directional term: medial.

    Medial means toward the midline of the body.

  • Define the directional term: lateral.

    Lateral means away from the midline of the body.

  • Define the directional term: proximal.

    Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or origin.

  • Define the directional term: distal.

    Distal means farther from the point of attachment or origin.

  • Define the directional term: superficial.

    Superficial means toward or at the body surface.

  • Define the directional term: deep.

    Deep means away from the body surface; more internal.

  • What is flexion in body movements?

    Flexion is decreasing the angle between two body parts, like bending the elbow.

  • What is extension in body movements?

    Extension is increasing the angle between two body parts, like straightening the knee.

  • What is abduction in body movements?

    Abduction is moving a limb away from the midline, like raising the arm sideways.

  • What is adduction in body movements?

    Adduction is moving a limb toward the midline, like lowering the arm to the side.

  • What is rotation in body movements?

    Rotation is moving a bone around its longitudinal axis, like turning the head side to side.

  • Name the major body cavities and their primary contents.

    Cranial cavity: brain.
    Vertebral cavity: spinal cord.
    Thoracic cavity: heart and lungs.
    Abdominal cavity: digestive organs.
    Pelvic cavity: reproductive and some excretory organs.

  • What organs are found in the thoracic cavity?

    The heart (in the pericardial cavity) and the lungs (in the pleural cavities).

  • How are the four abdominal quadrants named?

    Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), and Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ).

  • What organs are typically found in the Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)?

    The liver, gallbladder, and part of the colon.

  • What organs are typically found in the Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)?

    The stomach, spleen, and part of the colon.

  • What organs are typically found in the Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)?

    The appendix, cecum, and part of the small intestine.

  • What organs are typically found in the Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)?

    Part of the descending colon and small intestine.