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Anatomy & Physiology: Anatomical Terms and Body Cavities

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이 집합의 용어 (24)

  • Cephalic region
    The head region, including frontal (forehead), orbital (eye socket), nasal (nose), buccal (cheek), oral (mouth), mental (chin), otic/auricular (ear), cranial (surrounding brain), and occipital (back of head).
  • Thoracic region
    The chest area, including sternal (sternum), axillary (armpit), mammary (breast), and pectoral (chest muscles).
  • Abdominal region
    The abdomen area, including umbilical (navel) and surrounding structures.
  • Directional term: Superior
    Means toward the upper part of a structure or the body; above.
  • Directional term: Inferior
    Means toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below.
  • Directional term: Anterior
    Means toward the front of the body.
  • Directional term: Posterior
    Means toward the back of the body.
  • Directional term: Medial
    Means toward or at the midline of the body.
  • Directional term: Lateral
    Means away from the midline of the body.
  • Directional term: Proximal
    Means closer to the origin of a body part or point of attachment to the trunk.
  • Directional term: Distal
    Means farther from the origin of a body part or point of attachment to the trunk.
  • Frontal (Coronal) plane
    An imaginary vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior parts.
  • Sagittal plane
    An imaginary vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts.
  • Midsagittal (Median) plane
    A sagittal plane that lies on the midline, dividing the body into equal right and left halves.
  • Transverse plane
    An imaginary horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts.
  • Dorsal body cavity
    The posterior cavity encased in bone, including the cranial cavity (brain) and vertebral cavity (spinal cord).
  • Ventral body cavity
    The anterior cavity housing internal organs, lined with serous membranes; includes thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
  • Pleural cavities
    Two cavities within the thoracic cavity that contain the lungs; lined by the pleura serous membrane.
  • Pericardial cavity
    The cavity within the mediastinum that contains the heart; lined by the pericardium serous membrane.
  • Abdominopelvic cavity
    The cavity inferior to the diaphragm, divided into abdominal and pelvic cavities; lined by the peritoneum serous membrane.
  • Serous membrane layers
    Includes the parietal layer lining the cavity wall and the visceral layer covering organs, with a serous cavity containing lubricating fluid between them.
  • Abdominopelvic quadrants
    Four regions used clinically to locate organs: Right Upper, Left Upper, Right Lower, Left Lower, centered at the navel.
  • Abdominopelvic regions
    Nine anatomical regions: Epigastric, Right & Left Hypochondriac, Umbilical, Right & Left Lumbar, Hypogastric/Pubic, Right & Left Iliac/Inguinal.
  • Smaller body cavities
    Include the oral, nasal, orbital, middle ear, and synovial cavities.