Skip to main content
뒤로

Anatomy & Physiology: Orientation to the Human Body

컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
1/19

이 집합의 용어 (19)

  • Define anatomy and physiology

    Anatomy is the study of body structure; physiology is the study of body function. They are related because structure influences function.

  • Levels of structural organization in the human body

    Levels include chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism levels.

  • Characteristics of cells and tissues

    Cells are the basic unit of life; tissues are groups of similar cells performing a common function.

  • Identify the organ systems of the human body

    Major systems include integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive.

  • Functions of the organ systems

    Each system has specific roles, e.g., skeletal supports and protects, nervous controls body activities, digestive processes food.

  • Functions humans must perform to maintain life

    Include maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, and growth.

  • Needs of the human body for survival

    Include nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and appropriate atmospheric pressure.

  • Define homeostasis

    Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

  • Significance of homeostasis

    It is essential for normal body function and survival by regulating internal conditions.

  • Role of negative feedback in homeostasis

    Negative feedback reverses a change to return the body to its set point, e.g., temperature regulation.

  • Role of positive feedback in homeostasis

    Positive feedback amplifies a response until a specific event occurs, e.g., blood clotting.

  • Effects of homeostatic imbalance

    Disruptions can lead to disease or death by impairing normal body functions.

  • Describe the anatomical position

    The body stands erect, facing forward, feet flat, arms at sides with palms facing forward.

  • Use of anatomical terminology for body directions

    Terms include superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, proximal, and distal.

  • Body planes and sections

    Include sagittal (divides left/right), frontal (divides front/back), and transverse (divides top/bottom).

  • Major body cavities

    Include dorsal cavity (cranial and spinal) and ventral cavity (thoracic and abdominopelvic).

  • Major organs in the thoracic cavity

    Include the heart and lungs.

  • Major organs in the abdominopelvic cavity

    Include the stomach, liver, intestines, bladder, and reproductive organs.

  • Serous membranes and their function

    Thin membranes lining cavities and organs that reduce friction during movement.