뒤로Chapter 4: Epithelium and Connective Tissue
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What are the four main tissue types?
Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous
What are the two different forms of epithelium? Explain.
Covering and lining epithelium: covers the outer and inner surfaces of most body organs. For example, the outer layer of the skin; the inner lining of the hollow viscera, the lining of the peritoneal cavity, and the lining of all blood vessels
Glandular Epithelium: forms most of the body glands
What are the functions of epithelium?
Protection: of underlying tissues
Secretion: release of molecules from cells
Absorption: bringing small molecules into cells
Diffusion: movement of molecules down their concentration gradient
Filtration: passage of small molecules through sieve-like membrane
Sensory Reception
What are the characteristics of epithelium?
Cellularity: made mostly of cells - little extracellular space
Specialized cell junctions: epithelial cells joined close
Polarity - apical/basal surface with each function/structure being diff.
Support by connective tissue
Avascular but innervated: no capillaries/blood-nutrient
Regeneration: as long
How to classify Epithelia?
Layer + shape + Epithelium
List all the different types of epithelium
Transitional ,Simple Squamous, stratified squamous (keratinized/non-keratinized), simple cuboidal, stratified cuboidal, simple columnar, stratified columnar
Description, Locations, and function of simple squamous Epithelium
single layer of flattened cells
allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in the serosae
Found inKidney glomeruli; air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; serosae
Description, function, and location of simple cuboidal epithelium
Description ez
function is secretion and absorption
Lcoations: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface
Function and Location of simple columnar epithelium
Function is Absorption;secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances. ciliated type propels mucus or reproductive cells like ovum
Locations: lines small bronchi, unterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus
Function and location of pseudo stratified columnar epithelium
Function: secrete substances, particularly mucus, propulsion of mucus by ciliary action
Locations: lines the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract
Description, Function, and Locations of stratified Squamous Epithelium
des: basal cells usually metabolically active cuboidal or columnar cells
func: protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion
non-keratinized: moist linings in the esophagus, mouth, and vagina
Keratinized: epidermis of skin- dry epithelium
What is the difference between keratinized and non-keratinized epithelium?
keratinized: looks flaky under microscope- apical surface usually has no nucleus
non keratinized: looks like sunny side up eggs - nucleus is present near apical surface
Description, function, and location of stratified cuboidal epithelium
des: generally two layers of cubelike cells - normally around small glands and will look like oval structures
Function:p Protection
Locations: Largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands
Description, function and location of stratified columnar epithelium
des: basal cells usually cuboidal
Function: protection, secretion
Locations: rare in body, small amounts in male urethra (and female, but very very small) and in large ducts of some glands
Description, function, and location of Transitional Epithelium
Description: Resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal; basal cells cuboidal/columnar; surface cells dome shaped/bubbly
Function: Stretches readily, permits stored urine to distend urinary organ
Location: Lines the ureters, bladder, and part of urethra