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Lab 3: Blood Vessel;s

컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
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이 집합의 용어 (22)

  • Artery

    • Carries blood AWAY from the heart

    • Has a thicker wall than a vein

    • Has a thick tunica media

    • Usually has a smaller, rounder lumen

    • Does not have valves

    • Usually red on the lab model

    • Thick walls help arteries withstand the higher blood pressure coming from the heart

    🧠 A = Artery = Away

  • Vein

    • Carries blood TOWARD the heart

    • Thinner wall than an artery

    • Thinner tunica media

    • Usually has a larger lumen

    • Can contain valves that prevent backflow

    • Usually blue on the lab model

    • Veins drain blood from tissues and return it toward the heart

    🧠 Veins = back TO the heart

  • Capillary

    • Smallest type of blood vessel

    • Located between the arterial and venous sides of circulation

    • Forms capillary beds

    • Main location for exchange of O₂, CO₂, nutrients, and wastes

    • Very thin wall allows substances to move between blood and tissues

    🧠 Your note: Capillary beds = where exchange happens.

  • Tunica Intima (Interna)

    • Innermost layer of a blood vessel wall

    • Directly contacts the blood

    • Contains endothelium

    🧠 Intima = IN

  • Tunica Media

    • Middle layer of the blood vessel wall

    • Contains mainly smooth muscle

    • Thick in arteries

    • Thin in veins

    ⭐ Thick tunica media on histology = think ARTERY

  • Tunica Externa (Adventitia)

    • Outermost layer of a blood vessel wall

    • Made mainly of connective tissue

    • Supports and protects the vessel

    🧠 Externa = exterior/outside

  • Lumen

    • Hollow space inside a blood vessel where blood flows

    • Arteries usually have a smaller lumen

    • Veins usually have a larger lumen

    🧠 Small lumen + thick wall = artery

  • Aorta

    • Largest artery in the body

    • Begins at the left ventricle

    • Main artery of systemic circulation

    • Gives rise to arteries that supply the body

    🧠 Model: Major red vessel leaving the left side of the heart.

  • Ascending Aorta

    • First portion of the aorta

    • Location: Rises upward from the left ventricle

    • Leads into the aortic arch

    • Coronary arteries branch from this region

    🧠 Ascending = going UP

  • Aorta Arch

    • Curved portion of the aorta

    • Location: Superior to the heart

    • Between the ascending and descending aorta

    • Gives off major branches supplying the head, neck, and upper limbs

    🧠 Look for the large curve/arch above the heart.

  • Descending Aorta

    • Portion of aorta that travels downward

    • Continues from the aortic arch

    • Includes the thoracic and abdominal portions

    🧠 Descending = going DOWN

  • Thoracic Aorta

    • Portion of the descending aorta located in the thoracic/chest cavity

    • Continues inferiorly and becomes the abdominal aorta

    🧠 Thoracic = chest

  • Brachiocephalic Trunk

    • First branch of the aortic arch

    • Located on the right side

    • Divides into:

      • Right common carotid artery

      • Right subclavian artery

    ⭐ There is only ONE brachiocephalic arterial trunk.

    🧠 Common = think split

  • R/L Common Carotid Arteries

    • Location: Travel superiorly through the neck

    • Supply the head and neck

    • Each divides into:

      • Internal carotid

      • External carotid

    🧠 Common carotid → splits into internal + external

  • R/L External Carotid Arteries

    • Branches of the common carotid arteries

    • Location: Neck/head

    • Primarily supply structures outside the skull, especially the face and scalp

    🧠 External = outside

  • R/L Internal Carotid Arteries

    • Branches of the common carotid arteries

    • Travel toward the inside of the skull

    • Major blood supply to the brain

    🧠 Internal = inside → brain

  • R/L Subclavian Arteries

    • Location: Beneath the clavicles

    • Supply the upper limbs

    • Continue into the axillary arteries

    🧠 Sub = under + clavian = clavicle

  • R/L Vertebral Arteries

    • Branch from the subclavian arteries

    • Travel superiorly through the neck along the vertebral column

    • Help supply the brain

    🧠 Vertebral = vertebrae

  • Intercostal Arteries

    • Branches associated with the thoracic aorta

    • Location: Run between the ribs

    • Supply the thoracic wall/intercostal spaces

    🧠 Intercostal = between ribs

  • R/L Subscapular Arteries

    • Branches associated with the axillary artery

    • Location: Near the scapular/shoulder region

    • Supply structures around the scapula

    🧠 Subscapular = around/below scapula

  • R/L Coronary Arteries

    • Branch from the base of the ascending aorta

    • Located on the surface of the heart

    • Supply the heart muscle (myocardium) itself

    🧠 Coronary = heart's own blood supply

  • Internal Thoracic (Mammary) Artery

    • Branch of the subclavian artery

    • Travels along the inside of the anterior chest wall

    • Supplies structures of the thoracic/chest wall

    🧠 Thoracic = chest