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Muscle Origins, Insertions, and Actions

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이 집합의 용어 (28)

  • Masseter muscle
    Originates from the maxilla and zygomatic arch; inserts at the angle and ramus of the mandible; action is to elevate the mandible.
  • Buccinator muscle
    Originates from the maxilla and mandible; inserts at the orbicularis oris; action is to compress the cheek.
  • Temporalis muscle
    Originates from the temporal fossa; inserts at the coronoid process and ramus of the mandible; elevates and retracts the mandible.
  • Zygomaticus major muscle
    Originates from the zygomatic bone; inserts at the orbicularis oris; action is to produce smiling.
  • Orbicularis oculi muscle
    Originates from bones of the orbit; inserts into the tissue of the eyelid; action is to close the eye.
  • Orbicularis oris muscle
    Originates from fascia surrounding the lips; inserts into the mucosa of the lips; action is to close the lips.
  • Erector spinae muscle group
    Originates from ribs, vertebrae, sacrum, and ilium; inserts on ribs, vertebrae, and skull; action is extension of the vertebral column.
  • Sternocleidomastoid muscle
    Originates from the sternum and clavicle; inserts at the mastoid process of the temporal bone and superior nuchal line; flexes head bilaterally and rotates head unilaterally.
  • Serratus anterior muscle
    Originates from the first 8-9 ribs; inserts at the medial border of the scapula; pulls shoulder forward and abducts and rotates it forward.
  • Pectoralis minor muscle
    Originates from ribs 3-5; inserts at the coracoid process of the scapula; action is to depress shoulder and draw shoulders forward.
  • Trapezius muscle
    Originates from occipital bone and spines of C7–T12; inserts at clavicle and spine of scapula; elevates, adducts, and depresses scapula.
  • Levator scapulae muscle
    Originates from first 3-4 cervical vertebrae; inserts at superior angle of scapula; action is to elevate scapula.
  • Rhomboideus major muscle
    Originates from spines of T2–T5; inserts at vertebral border of scapula; elevates and adducts scapula.
  • Supraspinatus muscle
    Originates from supraspinous fossa of scapula; inserts at greater tubercle of humerus; abducts arm and slightly laterally rotates it.
  • Infraspinatus muscle
    Originates from infraspinous fossa of scapula; inserts at greater tubercle of humerus; rotates humerus laterally and slightly adducts it.
  • Deltoid muscle
    Originates from clavicle and spine of scapula; inserts at deltoid tuberosity of humerus; flexes, extends, and abducts arm.
  • Pectoralis major muscle
    Originates from clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage, and true ribs; inserts at anterior proximal humerus; flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus.
  • Latissimus dorsi muscle
    Originates from spinous processes of T6–L5, iliac crest, and last 3 ribs; inserts at intertubercular groove of humerus; extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus.
  • Biceps brachii muscle
    Originates from scapula near glenoid fossa and coracoid process; inserts at radial tuberosity; flexes elbow and supinates forearm.
  • Triceps brachii muscle
    Originates from scapula near glenoid fossa and proximal humerus; inserts at olecranon process of ulna; extends elbow.
  • External intercostals
    Originates from inferior border of rib above; inserts at superior border of rib below; action is to elevate ribs during inspiration.
  • Internal intercostals
    Originates from superior border of rib below; inserts at inferior border of rib above; action is to depress ribs during expiration.
  • Diaphragm
    Originates from xiphoid process, last 6 ribs, and lumbar vertebrae; inserts at central tendon; increases vertical dimension of thorax during inspiration.
  • Rectus abdominis muscle
    Originates from pubic crest; inserts at xiphoid process and cartilage of ribs 5-7; flexes spine and compresses abdomen.
  • Gluteus maximus muscle
    Originates from iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx; inserts at iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity; extends, abducts, and laterally rotates femur.
  • Hamstring muscles (Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus)
    Originate from ischial tuberosity; insert on tibia and fibula; flex knee and extend thigh.
  • Gastrocnemius muscle
    Originates from medial and lateral condyles of femur; inserts at calcaneus via Achilles tendon; plantar flexes foot and flexes knee.
  • Tibialis anterior muscle
    Originates from lateral condyle and body of tibia; inserts at 1st metatarsal and 1st cuneiform; dorsiflexes and inverts foot.