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Muscular System Anatomy & Physiology

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이 집합의 용어 (21)

  • Criteria for naming muscles
    Shape, function, attachment, region, alignment, number of origins, and size.
  • Seven fascicle arrangements
    Muscle fascicles can be arranged as circular, convergent, parallel, unipennate, bipennate, multipennate, and fusiform.
  • Prime mover (agonist)
    The muscle that provides most of the energy needed for a specific movement.
  • Antagonist muscle
    The muscle that resists the movement driven by the prime mover.
  • Synergist muscle
    Muscle that offers additional force to assist the prime mover during a movement.
  • Fixator muscle
    Muscle that stabilizes the origin of the prime mover to prevent undesirable movements.
  • Muscle shape: Circular example
    Orbicularis oris muscle, which encircles the mouth.
  • Muscle shape: Convergent example
    Pectoralis major, with fascicles converging toward a single tendon.
  • Muscle shape: Parallel example
    Sartorius muscle, with fascicles running parallel to the long axis.
  • Muscle shape: Fusiform example
    Biceps brachii, spindle-shaped with a thick belly.
  • Muscle shape: Unipennate example
    Extensor digitorum longus, with fascicles on one side of the tendon.
  • Muscle shape: Bipennate example
    Rectus femoris, with fascicles on both sides of a central tendon.
  • Muscle shape: Multipennate example
    Deltoid muscle, with fascicles attaching obliquely from many directions.
  • Major muscles of the face
    Includes frontalis, orbicularis oculi, zygomaticus, masseter, and orbicularis oris.
  • Muscles of the anterior arm
    Includes biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis.
  • Muscles of the posterior arm
    Includes triceps brachii with long, lateral, and medial heads.
  • Muscles of the anterior thigh
    Includes quadriceps femoris group: vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris.
  • Muscles of the posterior thigh (hamstrings)
    Includes biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus.
  • Muscles of the anterior leg
    Includes tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and fibularis tertius.
  • Muscles of the posterior leg
    Includes gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris.
  • Muscles of the abdominal wall
    Includes rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis.