Which of the following statements correctly describes the function of the nucleolus?
a. Within the nucleolus we find genes for rRNA.
b. Nucleoli manufacture mitochondrial proteins for export to the cytosol.
c. Nucleoli assemble the nuclear envelope.
d. The nucleolus contains the genes that form the Golgi apparatus.

검증된 단계별 안내

Understand the role of the nucleolus: The nucleolus is a structure within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to produce and assemble ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and ribosomal subunits, which are essential for protein synthesis.

Analyze option a: 'Within the nucleolus we find genes for rRNA.' This statement is correct because the nucleolus contains regions of DNA that encode rRNA, which is transcribed and processed within the nucleolus.

Analyze option b: 'Nucleoli manufacture mitochondrial proteins for export to the cytosol.' This statement is incorrect because mitochondrial proteins are synthesized in the cytosol by free ribosomes, not in the nucleolus.

Analyze option c: 'Nucleoli assemble the nuclear envelope.' This statement is incorrect because the nuclear envelope is formed by the endoplasmic reticulum and other cellular components, not the nucleolus.

Analyze option d: 'The nucleolus contains the genes that form the Golgi apparatus.' This statement is incorrect because the Golgi apparatus is formed from vesicles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum, and its genes are not located in the nucleolus.

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주요 개념

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Nucleolus Function

The nucleolus is a specialized structure within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells primarily responsible for the synthesis and assembly of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and ribosomal subunits. It plays a crucial role in ribosome biogenesis, which is essential for protein synthesis in the cell.

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a type of RNA that, along with proteins, makes up the ribosomes. It is synthesized in the nucleolus and is vital for the translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins, serving as a structural and functional component of ribosomes.

Nuclear Envelope

The nuclear envelope is a double membrane that encloses the nucleus, separating its contents from the cytoplasm. While the nucleolus is located within the nucleus, it does not play a role in assembling the nuclear envelope, which is formed by the fusion of the inner and outer membranes.