객관식
How does DNA migrate from one end of the gel to the other during gel electrophoresis?
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18. Biotechnology
Gel Electrophoresis
객관식
Gel electrophoresis enables scientists to:
A
synthesize new strands of DNA
B
measure the rate of DNA replication
C
separate DNA fragments based on their size
D
determine the amino acid sequence of proteins
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the purpose of gel electrophoresis: It is a laboratory technique used to separate molecules, such as DNA, RNA, or proteins, based on their size and charge. This is achieved by applying an electric field to a gel matrix.
Recognize the principle behind the separation: DNA fragments are negatively charged due to their phosphate backbone. When placed in an electric field, they migrate towards the positive electrode. Smaller fragments move faster through the gel matrix, while larger fragments move more slowly.
Identify the role of the gel: The gel, often made of agarose or polyacrylamide, acts as a sieve. It allows smaller molecules to pass through more easily while impeding the movement of larger molecules.
Clarify the outcome of the process: After running the gel electrophoresis, the DNA fragments are separated based on their size. This separation can be visualized using a dye or a fluorescent marker that binds to the DNA.
Eliminate incorrect options: Gel electrophoresis does not synthesize DNA, measure replication rates, or determine protein amino acid sequences. Its primary function is to separate DNA fragments based on size, which is the correct answer.
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