뒤로EXAM #3 SLIDES 1&2
09:33
이 집합의 용어 (20)
Non-specific defense active immediately upon exposure, present in all animals, includes physical barriers, phagocytic cells, and inflammatory responses.
Specific defense that requires initial exposure to a pathogen, involves lymphocytes (B and T cells), and has immunological memory.
Skin, mucous membranes, secretions like saliva and tears, and acidic pH of skin that prevent pathogen entry.
Cells such as neutrophils and macrophages that engulf and destroy pathogens by endocytosis and lysosomal digestion.
Innate immune cells that patrol for abnormal cells (virally infected or cancerous) and induce cell death.
Triggered by tissue injury; mast cells release histamine causing vasodilation, increased vessel permeability, and recruitment of immune cells.
Small peptides released by immune cells that act as signaling molecules to regulate immune responses.
A group of ~30 proteins that enhance inflammation, promote phagocytosis, and lyse pathogens.
Lymphocytes that mature in bone marrow, recognize antigens via Y-shaped receptors, and secrete antibodies as effector cells.
Soluble forms of B cell antigen receptors that bind pathogens or toxins to neutralize or mark them for destruction.
Lymphocytes that mature in thymus, have antigen receptors with α and β chains, and recognize antigen fragments presented by MHC molecules.
Proteins on host cells that display antigen fragments to T cells for immune recognition.
Process where activated B or T cells proliferate to produce clones of identical cells, including effector and memory cells.
Long-term protection due to memory B and T cells that enable faster and stronger secondary immune responses.
Adaptive immunity involving antibodies secreted by plasma cells to neutralize pathogens in body fluids.
Adaptive immunity where cytotoxic T cells kill infected host cells displaying foreign antigens.
T cells that activate both humoral and cell-mediated responses by recognizing antigens on antigen-presenting cells and releasing cytokines.
Substance that elicits an immune response by binding to B or T cell receptors; contains epitopes recognized by immune cells.
The specific part of an antigen that binds to an antigen receptor on B or T cells.
Innate immunity is rapid, nonspecific, and present in all animals; adaptive immunity is slower, specific, has memory, and is found only in vertebrates.