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General Biology: Genes, Development, and Evolution

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이 집합의 용어 (16)

  • Lateral gene transfer
    Gene transfer between organisms in a form other than reproduction.
  • Hox genes
    Highly conserved gene family that determines the body plan of an embryo.
  • Common descent
    Species alive today share common ancestors.
  • Fitness in evolution
    The likelihood that an individual contributes offspring to the next generation.
  • Natural selection
    The process by which populations evolve due to differential survival and reproduction of individuals with certain traits.
  • Typological thinking
    Viewing species as unchanging and comparing individuals to an ideal form.
  • Population thinking
    Understanding species as populations with variation that changes over time.
  • Phylogenetic tree nodes
    Represent common ancestors where branches diverge.
  • Lamarck's theory of evolution
    Proposed use and disuse and inheritance of acquired traits, which is now known to be incorrect.
  • Darwin and Wallace
    Co-developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
  • Artificial selection
    Selective breeding controlled by humans to enhance desired traits.
  • Industrial melanism
    Evolutionary change in moth coloration due to environmental pollution, a classic example of natural selection.
  • Homology
    Traits shared due to common ancestry, such as similar bone structures.
  • Analogy
    Functionally similar traits with different evolutionary origins, like wings in birds and insects.
  • Vestigial structures
    Traits that have lost most or all of their original function.
  • Fossil record
    Provides evidence for evolutionary history and patterns of extinction and change.