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Unit 11- Cell Communication

컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
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이 집합의 용어 (15)

  • adenylyl cyclase

    an enzyme that converts ATP to cyclic AMP in response to a chemical signal

  • Cyclic AMP (cAMP)

    Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, a ring-shaped molecule made from ATP that is a common intracellular signaling molecule (second messanger) in eukaryotic cells. It is also a regulator of some bacterial operons.

  • G Protein

    a GTP-binding protein that relays signals from a plasma membrane signal receptor, (G protein linked receptor) to other signal transduction proteins inside the cell. When the receptor is activated, the G-protein causes a molecule of GTP to bind in place of GDP

  • G-protein linked receptor

    a signal receptor protein in the plasma membrane that responds to the binding signal molecule by activating a G protein

  • hormone

    in multicellular organisms, one of many types of circulating chemical signals that are formed in specialized cells, travel in body fluids, and act on specific target cells to change their functioning

  • ligand

    a molecule that binds specifically to a receptor sire of another molecule

  • ligand-gated ion channel

    a protein pore in the plasma membrane that opens or closes in response to a chemical signal, allowing or blocking the flow of specific ions

  • local regulator

    a chemical messenger that influences cells in the vicinity

  • protein kinase

    an enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from ATP to a protein

  • protein phosphate

    an enzyme that removes phosphate groups from proteins, often functioning to reverse the effect of a protein kinase

  • reception

    in cellular communication, the target cells detection (by binding to a receptor protein) of a signal molecule from outside the cell

  • response

    in cellular communication, the change in a specific cellular activity brought about by a transduced signal from the outside the cell

  • second messanger

    a small, nonprotein, water-soluble molecule or ion, such as calcium ion or cyclic AMP, that relays a signal to a cells interior in response to a signal received by a signal receptor protein

  • singal transduction pathway

    a mechanism linking a mechanical or chemical stimulus to a specific cellular response

  • transduction

    1) a DNA transfer process in which phages carry bacterial genes from one last host cell to another

    2) in cellular communication, the conversation of a signal from outside the cell to a form that can bring about a specfic cellular response