Given the curves and , find the area of the region bounded by these curves between and .
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Step 1: Understand the problem. You are tasked with finding the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x^2 and y = 4 between x = -2 and x = 2. This involves calculating the definite integral of the difference between the upper curve (y = 4) and the lower curve (y = x^2) over the given interval.
Step 2: Set up the integral. The area between two curves is given by the formula: \( \text{Area} = \int_{a}^{b} \left[ f(x) - g(x) \right] dx \), where \( f(x) \) is the upper curve and \( g(x) \) is the lower curve. Here, \( f(x) = 4 \) and \( g(x) = x^2 \), and the interval is \( x \in [-2, 2] \).
Step 3: Write the integral expression. Substitute the functions and interval into the formula: \( \text{Area} = \int_{-2}^{2} \left[ 4 - x^2 \right] dx \). This represents the total area between the curves.
Step 4: Break down the integral. Split the integral into two parts for easier computation: \( \int_{-2}^{2} 4 dx \) and \( \int_{-2}^{2} -x^2 dx \). These can be computed separately and then combined.
Step 5: Apply symmetry. Notice that the function \( -x^2 \) is symmetric about the y-axis, meaning \( \int_{-2}^{2} -x^2 dx = 2 \int_{0}^{2} -x^2 dx \). Similarly, \( \int_{-2}^{2} 4 dx = 2 \int_{0}^{2} 4 dx \). Use this property to simplify the calculations.