Determining Convergence or Divergence
In Exercises 1–14, determine whether the alternating series converges or diverges. Some of the series do not satisfy the conditions of the Alternating Series Test.
∑ (from n = 2 to ∞) [(-1)ⁿ⁺¹ (1 / ln n)]

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Identify the general term of the series: \(a_n = \frac{1}{\ln n}\) and the alternating factor is \((-1)^{n+1}\), so the series is \(\sum_{n=2}^\infty (-1)^{n+1} a_n\).

Recall the Alternating Series Test (Leibniz Test), which states that an alternating series \(\sum (-1)^n a_n\) converges if two conditions are met: (1) the sequence \(a_n\) is positive, decreasing, and (2) \(\lim_{n \to \infty} a_n = 0\).

Check if \(a_n = \frac{1}{\ln n}\) is positive and decreasing for \(n \geq 2\). Since \(\ln n\) is positive and increasing for \(n > 1\), \(a_n\) is positive and decreasing for \(n \geq 2\).

Evaluate the limit \(\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{1}{\ln n}\). Since \(\ln n\) grows without bound as \(n\) approaches infinity, this limit is 0.

Since both conditions of the Alternating Series Test are satisfied, conclude that the series \(\sum_{n=2}^\infty (-1)^{n+1} \frac{1}{\ln n}\) converges.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Alternating Series Test

The Alternating Series Test determines convergence of series whose terms alternate in sign. It requires that the absolute value of terms decreases monotonically to zero. If these conditions hold, the series converges; otherwise, the test is inconclusive.

Behavior of the General Term

Analyzing the limit of the general term as n approaches infinity is crucial. For convergence, the terms must approach zero. In this series, the term 1/ln(n) decreases slowly, so checking its limit helps assess if the series can converge.

Logarithmic Functions and Their Growth

Understanding the growth rate of the natural logarithm function ln(n) is important. Since ln(n) grows without bound but very slowly, 1/ln(n) approaches zero but not rapidly. This slow decay affects the convergence behavior of the series.

Determining Convergence or DivergenceIn Exercises 1–14, determine whether the alternating series converges or diverges. Some of the series do not satisfy the conditions of the Alternating Series Test.∑ (from n = 2 to ∞) [(-1)ⁿ⁺¹ (1 / ln n)]