객관식
In the context of principles of transmembrane transport, what are the two main types of active transport across cellular membranes?
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9. Transport Across Membranes
Principles of Transmembrane Transport
객관식
In the context of principles of transmembrane transport, which process does NOT require direct energy input from the cell (e.g., ATP hydrolysis)?
A
Transport of protons () against their electrochemical gradient by a proton pump
B
Secondary active transport of glucose into intestinal epithelial cells via the -glucose symporter (SGLT)
C
Facilitated diffusion of glucose through a GLUT transporter down its concentration gradient
D
Primary active transport of and by the /-ATPase
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Understand the types of transmembrane transport processes. There are three main types: passive transport (including facilitated diffusion), primary active transport, and secondary active transport.
Step 2: Recall that passive transport, such as facilitated diffusion, moves molecules down their concentration gradient and does NOT require direct energy input like ATP hydrolysis.
Step 3: Recognize that primary active transport uses ATP directly to move ions against their electrochemical gradients, such as the Na+/K+-ATPase and proton pumps.
Step 4: Understand that secondary active transport uses the energy stored in ion gradients (created by primary active transport) to move other molecules against their gradients, like the Na+-glucose symporter, but does not use ATP directly at the transport step.
Step 5: Conclude that among the options, facilitated diffusion of glucose through a GLUT transporter down its concentration gradient is the process that does NOT require direct energy input from the cell.
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