Graph each function. ƒ(x) = 3^x

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Identify the type of function given. Here, the function is an exponential function of the form \(f(x) = 3^x\), where the base is 3 and the exponent is the variable \(x\).

Determine key points to plot by substituting values of \(x\) into the function. For example, calculate \(f(-1) = 3^{-1}\), \(f(0) = 3^0\), \(f(1) = 3^1\), and \(f(2) = 3^2\). These points will help you understand the shape of the graph.

Plot the points found on the coordinate plane. Remember that \(3^0 = 1\), so the graph will pass through the point \((0,1)\), which is a key characteristic of exponential functions.

Analyze the behavior of the graph as \(x\) approaches positive and negative infinity. For \(f(x) = 3^x\), as \(x \to \infty\), \(f(x) \to \infty\), and as \(x \to -\infty\), \(f(x) \to 0\). This means the graph will rise steeply to the right and approach the x-axis but never touch it on the left.

Draw a smooth curve through the plotted points, ensuring the graph reflects the exponential growth and the horizontal asymptote at \(y=0\). Label the axes and the function for clarity.

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주요 개념

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Exponential Functions

An exponential function has the form f(x) = a^x, where the base a is a positive constant not equal to 1. The function grows or decays rapidly depending on whether a is greater than or less than 1. Understanding this form helps in predicting the shape and behavior of the graph.

Graphing Exponential Functions

To graph an exponential function like f(x) = 3^x, plot key points such as when x = 0 (f(0) = 1) and other integer values. The graph passes through (0,1) and increases rapidly for positive x, approaching zero but never touching the x-axis for negative x. Recognizing these features aids in sketching the curve accurately.

Asymptotes

An asymptote is a line that the graph approaches but never touches. For f(x) = 3^x, the x-axis (y=0) is a horizontal asymptote, meaning the function values get closer to zero as x becomes very negative. Identifying asymptotes helps understand the long-term behavior of the function.

Graph each function. ƒ(x) = 3x