객관식
Which of the following statements correctly describes the Lewis dot structure of the PF_4^- ion?
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11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Lewis Dot Structures: Ions
객관식
Which of the following statements correctly describes the Lewis dot structure of the arsenate ion, AsO_4^{3-}?
A
Arsenic is surrounded by four oxygen atoms, with one double bond and three single bonds, and the ion carries a -3 charge.
B
Arsenic is bonded to three oxygen atoms with double bonds and one oxygen atom with a single bond, and the ion carries a -3 charge.
C
Arsenic is surrounded by four oxygen atoms, each with a single bond, and the ion carries a -3 charge.
D
Arsenic is surrounded by four oxygen atoms, each with a double bond, and the ion carries a -3 charge.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Determine the total number of valence electrons available for the arsenate ion, AsO_4^{3-}. Arsenic (As) has 5 valence electrons, each oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons, and the ion has an extra 3 electrons due to the -3 charge. Calculate the total valence electrons by summing these contributions.
Step 2: Draw a skeletal structure with arsenic as the central atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. Connect arsenic to each oxygen with single bonds initially.
Step 3: Distribute the remaining valence electrons to satisfy the octet rule for the oxygen atoms first, placing lone pairs on oxygens to complete their octets.
Step 4: Check the formal charges on each atom. To minimize formal charges, convert one of the As–O single bonds into a double bond by sharing a lone pair from an oxygen with arsenic. This helps reduce the overall formal charge on the ion.
Step 5: Confirm that the final Lewis structure has arsenic surrounded by four oxygen atoms, with one double bond and three single bonds, and that the overall charge of the ion is -3, consistent with the given charge.
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