객관식
Which of the following statements correctly describes the Lewis dot structure of SiCl_4 (silicon tetrachloride)?
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11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds
객관식
Which of the following statements correctly describes the Lewis dot structure of neutral HNO2 (nitrous acid)?
A
The central nitrogen atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms, both with double bonds, and no hydrogen atom is attached.
B
The central nitrogen atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
C
The central nitrogen atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom, with one oxygen having a double bond and the other a single bond plus a hydrogen.
D
The central nitrogen atom is bonded to three oxygen atoms, with one oxygen also bonded to a hydrogen atom.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Identify the total number of valence electrons in HNO2. Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron, nitrogen (N) has 5, and oxygen (O) has 6 each. Since there are two oxygens, calculate the total as: \(1 + 5 + 2 \times 6 = 18\) valence electrons.
Step 2: Determine the central atom, which is usually the least electronegative element that can form multiple bonds. Here, nitrogen (N) is the central atom bonded to two oxygen atoms.
Step 3: Connect the atoms with single bonds initially: N bonded to two O atoms, and one of the O atoms bonded to a hydrogen atom. This accounts for some of the valence electrons used in bonding.
Step 4: Distribute the remaining valence electrons to satisfy the octet rule for each atom. One oxygen will form a double bond with nitrogen to complete its octet, while the other oxygen is single bonded to nitrogen and also bonded to hydrogen, completing its octet with lone pairs.
Step 5: Confirm that the total number of electrons used in bonds and lone pairs equals the total valence electrons (18), and that the structure reflects the correct bonding: nitrogen bonded to two oxygens (one double bond, one single bond plus hydrogen).
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